分类招生背景下高职院校学生就读体验差异及其成因  

Differences and Causes of Student Experience in Higher Vocational Colleges under the Background of Classified Enrollment

作　　者：夏晓飞 Xia Xiaofei(Nanjing University;Nanjing Vocational College of Information Technology,Nanjing 210008)

机构地区：[1]南京大学 [2]南京信息职业技术学院人工智能学院党总支,南京210008

出　　处：《职业技术教育》2025年第8期48-54,共7页Vocational and Technical Education

基　　金：江苏省社会科学基金项目课题研究成果“分类招生背景下高职院校高质量技能人才培养路径研究”(22JYB004),主持人:夏晓飞;江苏省高等教育教改研究课题“面向学生体质机器学习预测的高校体育教学改革研究”(2021JSJG705),主持人:顾海花、钱佳红。

摘　　要：以高职院校N校软件技术专业2022级学生为样本,通过半结构化访谈,探究不同招生类型学生就读体验差异及成因。研究发现,在认同感方面,职教高考学生职业教育认同度高,源于经验累积;提前招生学生呈现工具理性认同特征;普通高考学生属于多被动接纳。在学校认同上,提前招生学生属于主动建构,职教高考学生属于路径依赖,普通高考学生属于被动接受。学历层次认同中,三类学生均有焦虑,应对策略各异。其成因主要包括学校支撑体系适配性差、课程设置不合理、教学师资失衡、学校设施管理滞后及学生个体发展目标模糊等。为此,建议通过加大职业教育投入、打造“金师”队伍、创新人才培养模式、优化课程体系和教学内容、引导学生合理规划职业生涯以提升高职教育质量,满足学生发展需求。Using students majoring in software technology from grade 2022 at N higher vocational college as a sample,this study explores the differences and causes of student experience among various enrollment types through semi-structured interviews.The study finds that,in terms of identity,students admitted through the vocational education entrance exam have a high level of identification with vocational education,stemming from accumulated experience;students admitted through early admission exhibit characteristics of instrumental rational identification;and students admitted through the general high school entrance exam tend to accept passively.Regarding school identification,early-admitted students actively construct their identity,vocational education entrance exam students rely on established pathways,and general high school entrance exam students accept passively.In terms of academic level identification,all three types of students experience anxiety,with varying coping strategies.The main causes include poor adaptability of the school’s support system,unreasonable curriculum design,imbalanced teaching staff,lagging school facility management,and vague individual development goals among students.Therefore,it is recommended to enhance the quality of vocational education and meet students’development needs by increasing investment in vocational education,building a team of“top-notch teachers”,innovating talent training models,optimizing the curriculum system and teaching content,and guiding students to plan their careers reasonably.

关 键 词：分类招生 高职院校 学生就读体验 半结构化访谈 

分 类 号：G718.5[文化科学—职业技术教育学]