重载货车常用制动工况下制动缸压力预测与拟合  

Prediction and Fitting of Brake Cylinder Pressure under Service Braking of Heavy-haul Wagons

作　　者：王鼎 熊芯 马忠 WANG Ding;XIONG Xin;MA Zhong(Locomotive&Car Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司机车车辆研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁路》2025年第2期71-80,88,共11页China Railway

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研开发基金项目(2022YJ267)。

摘　　要：在重载列车纵向动力学系统中,制动系统的制动及缓解特性关键参数对车钩力仿真的影响至关重要。基于线路试验实测数据,建立小波神经网络模型,对制动缸升压时间进行预测;采用拟合的方法,获取整个制动缓解过程中各阶段的制动缸压力值;通过残差分析和检验,拟合模型的结果得以验证。通过给出的计算模型,可在已知主控机车列车管减压量以及任何1位制动缸压力值的条件下,对列车制动缓解过程中各个位置制动缸压力进行计算,为纵向动力学车钩力仿真提供参数基础。In the longitudinal dynamics system of heavy haul trains,the key parameters of braking and releasing characteristics in the brake system significantly influence the simulation of coupler forces.Based on measured data from tests,this paper establishes a wavelet neural network model to predict the pressure rise time of the brake cylinder.Using a fitting method,the pressure values of the brake cylinder at each stage of the entire brake release process are obtained.The results of the fitting model are validated through residual analysis and testing.The established model can calculate brake cylinder pressures at various positions during train brake release process,given the known pressure reduction in the brake pipe of the leading locomotive and brake cylinder pressure value of any wagon.This provides a parametric foundation for the simulation of coupler forces in the longitudinal dynamics.

关 键 词：重载货车 常用制动 制动缸压力 小波神经网络模型 拟合残差分析 

分 类 号：U266.2[机械工程—车辆工程]