植物精油-海藻酸钠/壳聚糖复合保鲜膜的制备工艺及其特性研究  

Study on the preparation technology and characteristics of plant essentialoil-sodium alginate/chitosan composite preservative film

作　　者：夏飞 成欣 高悦华 王华 马丽军 XIA Fei;CHENG Xin;GAO Yue-hua;WANG Hua;MA Li-jun(School of Food Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi′an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学食品科学与工程学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《陕西科技大学学报》2025年第2期45-55,80,共12页Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31801513);陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2024NC-YBXM-188);陕西省西安市创新能力强基计划项目(21NYYF0029)。

摘　　要：将植物精油与海藻酸钠/壳聚糖复配制备具有抗菌作用的复合膜,可在抑制采收后食用菌有害微生物生长的同时减缓自主呼吸和水分蒸发作用,以延长食用菌的保鲜期.为探索植物精油-海藻酸钠/壳聚糖复合膜的最佳制备工艺,本研究选取海藻酸钠与壳聚糖比例、牛至-百里香精油(OEO-TEO)添加量和甘油添加量进行单因素优化,之后以复合膜拉伸强度和断裂伸长率为考察指标,采用响应面法优化其制备工艺,并测定复合膜的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、水蒸气透过率以及抑菌效果等性能.植物精油-海藻酸钠/壳聚糖复合膜的最佳工艺参数为:海藻酸钠∶壳聚糖=1.7∶1,OEO-TEO添加量为0.15%,甘油添加量为1.7%.在此条件下获得的复合膜拉伸强度和断裂伸长率达到最优值,为3.100±0.769 MPa和28.475%±1.656%.优化后的复合膜含水量为41.37%±2.90%,水溶性65.62%±4.39%、水蒸气透过率16.19×10^(-12)g·m^(-1)·s^(-1)·Pa^(-1),能够有效阻隔紫外光,具有良好的抗菌性能,并表现出较强的亲水性,水接触角为15.36±1.00°.本研究为食用菌保鲜新方案提供了依据和参考.An antibacterial composite film was prepared by blending plant essential oil with sodium alginate/chitosan.This film can inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms in edible fungi post-harvest,slowing down their spontaneous respiration and water evaporation and extending the shelf life of the edible fungi.In order to explore the optimal preparation technology for a plant essential oil-sodium alginate/chitosan composite film,the ratio of sodium alginate to chitosan,the oregano-thyme essential oil(OEO-TEO)content,and the glycerol content were selected for single-factor experiments.Subsequently,response surface methodology was employed to optimize the preparation technology further,using the tensile strength and elongation at break of the composite film as critical indicators.The optimized film was then characterized for its tensile strength,elongation at break,water vapor permeability,and antibacterial effect.The results showed that the optimum technological parameters for the plant essential oil-sodium alginate/chitosan composite film were as follows:sodium alginate∶chitosan of 1.7∶1,OEO-TEO content of 0.15%,and glycerol content of 1.7%.Under these conditions,the tensile strength and elongation at break of the composite film reached optimal values of 3.100±0.769 MPa and 28.475%±1.656%,respectively.The optimized composite film had a water content of 41.37%±2.90%,a water solubility of 65.62%±4.39%,and a water vapor permeability of 16.19×10^(-12)g·m^(-1)·s^(-1)·Pa^(-1).It can effectively block ultraviolet light,exhibit good antibacterial performance,and demonstrate strong hydrophilicity,with a water contact angle of 15.36±1.00°.This study provides a basis and reference for the new scheme of edible fungi preservation.

关 键 词：海藻酸钠 壳聚糖 响应面法 复合膜 机械性能 

分 类 号：TS206.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]