中国七省(自治区)高中生健康危险行为分析  

Analysis of the Health Risk Behaviors Among High-School Student in 7 Provinces and Autonomons Regions in China

作　　者：周佳诺 廉启国 刘志浩[3,4] Zhou Jianuo;Lian Qiguo;Liu Zhihao(School of Public Health,Li Ka-shing Faculty of Medicine of University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong,China;Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies,Shanghai 200032,China;Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing 210009,China;Jiangsu Preventive Medicine Association,Nanjing 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]香港大学李嘉诚医学院公共卫生学院,中国香港 [2]上海市生物医药技术研究院,上海200032 [3]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,南京210009 [4]江苏省预防医学会,南京210009

出　　处：《健康教育与健康促进》2025年第1期13-17,26,共6页Health Education and Health Promotion

摘　　要：目的分析中国7省(自治区)高中生健康危险行为状况,为确定重点干预对象及制定干预措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,对河北、河南、云南、四川、内蒙古、广西、新疆7个省(自治区)的9929名高中生进行匿名问卷调查。结果调查结果显示:7省(自治区)高中生的吸烟率为14.92%、饮酒率为29.95%,其中男生高于女生、独生子女高于非独生子女、高二高于其他年级,差异均有统计学的意义(P<0.05)。伤害行为中,尝试自杀行为、自我伤害行为、校园欺凌行为的报告率分别为6.86%、17.52%和31.48%;女生尝试自杀行为、自我伤害行为的报告率高于男生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。网络成瘾、性行为、缺乏体育锻炼行为、不良饮食行为的报告率分别为41.95%、8.60%、74.04%和64.22%;男生网络成瘾行为、性行为的报告率高于女生,女生缺乏体育锻炼、不良饮食行为的报告率高于男生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。学校适应不良行为中的逃课行为、高学业压力、厌学行为报告率分别为11.42%、22.24%和26.23%。结论高中生中普遍存在健康危险行为,缺乏体育锻炼行为和不良饮食行为的报告率较高,应针对不同人口学特征进行行为干预,减少健康危险行为的发生。Objective To analyze the status of health risk behaviors among high-school student in 7 provinces and autonomons regions,to provide the evidence for determining key intervention targets and formulating intervention measures.Methods A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct an anonymous questionnaire survey among 9929 middle school students in 7 provinces including Hebei,Henan,Yunnan,Sichuan,Inner Mongolia,Guangxi,Xinjiang.Results The smoking and drinking rates among high school students in 7 provinces(autonomous regions)were 14.92%and 29.95%,respectively;the smoking and drinking rates of boys,only child,and senior two students were higher than those of girls,non-only child,and other grade students,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The reporting rates of attempted suicide,self-harm,and campus bullying were 6.86%,17.52%,and 31.48%,respectively;the reporting rates of attempted suicide and self harm behaviors among girls were higher than those among boys,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The reporting rates of internet addiction,sexual behavior,lack of physical exercise,and unhealthy eating behavior were 41.95%,8.60%,74.04%,and 64.22%,respectively.Among them,the reporting rates of internet addiction and sexual behavior were higher in boys than in girls,and the reporting rates of lack of physical exercise and unhealthy eating behavior were higher in girls than in boys,with statistical significance(P<0.05).The reported rates of truancy,high academic pressure,and aversion to learning among maladaptive behaviors in schools were 11.42%,22.24%,and 26.23%,respectively.Conclusion Health risk behaviors were prevalent among high school students,with particularly high reported rates of physical inactivity behavior and unhealthy diet.Behavioral interventions should be targeted according to different demographic characteristics to reduce the occurrence of health risk behaviors.

关 键 词：高中生 危险行为 健康教育 少数民族 汉族 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]