吊灯扶桑叶绿体基因组特征与木槿属系统发育研究  

Chloroplast Genomic Characteristics of Hibiscus schizopetalus and Phylogenetic Relationships of Hibiscus

作　　者：周全 王璐瑶 袁庆 郑雪梅 刘海瑞 ZHOU Quan;WANG Lu-yao;YUAN Qing;ZHENG Xue-mei;LIU Hai-rui(College of Eco-Environmental Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai Province 810016,China;Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan,Hubei Province 430072,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Qinghai National Park Research Monitoring and Evaluation Center,Xining,Qinghai Province 810000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学生态环境工程学院,青海西宁810016 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所,湖北武汉430072 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]青海省国家公园科研监测评估中心,青海西宁810000

出　　处：《草地学报》2025年第3期748-765,共18页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：中科院西部之光青年学者项目“青藏高原莛子藨与穿心莛子藨遗传多样性及物种分化研究”(xbzglzb2022043);西宁市重大科技专项“西宁植物多样性资源调查与种质资源圃建设”(2023-Z-13)资助。

摘　　要：为探讨木槿属系统发育关系,明确争议类群的分类学地位。本研究对吊灯扶桑(Hibiscus schizopetalus)完整叶绿体基因组进行了测序组装,并从NCBI数据库中下载已公布的木槿属及近缘类群叶绿体基因组。使用DnaSP、MrBayes和MCMCtree等生物信息学软件探究木槿属叶绿体基因组进化特征与系统发育上的争议。结果表明吊灯扶桑叶绿体基因组具有四分区结构,共包含130个基因,检测到275个SSR,蛋白编码基因表现出密码子偏好性。木槿属植物叶绿体基因组保守性高,边界稳定,未检测到重排。筛选出18个高变基因和3个高度保守基因。重建的系统发育关系不支持将木棉科划分入锦葵科或木槿属。木槿属与木棉科间遗传距离较小且亲缘关系较近,为理解形态相似性提供了新的视角。本研究为理解木槿属植物的系统演化、遗传多样性保护及分子标记开发提供了重要参考。To explore the phylogenetic relationships of Hibiscus and clarify the taxonomic status of disputed groups,the complete chloroplast genome of Hibiscus schizopetalus was sequenced and assembled,and the published chloroplast genomes of Hibiscus genus and its closely related taxa were downloaded from the NCBI database in this study.Bioinformatics software such as DnaSP,MrBayes,and MCMCtree were used to explore the evolutionary characteristics of the chloroplast genomes of Hibiscus and the controversy in phylogeny.The results showed that the chloroplast genome of H.schizopetalus has a typical four-partition structure,including 130 genes,with 275 SSRs detected,and protein-coding genes showing codon bias.The chloroplast genomes of Hibiscus are highly conserved,with stable boundaries and no detected rearrangements.Eighteen highly variable genes and three highly conserved genes were screened.The reconstructed phylogenetic relationships did not support the classification of Bombacaceae into Malvaceae or into Hibiscus.There is a small genetic distance and close phylogenetic relationship between Hibiscus and Bombacaceae,providing a new perspective for understanding their morphological similarities.This study provides important references for understanding the phylogeny,genetic diversity conservation,and molecular marker development of Hibiscus.

关 键 词：吊灯扶桑 叶绿体基因组 木槿属 系统发育 分歧时间 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]