论汉代卦气说视角下时令节气的疾病思想  

Disease concepts of seasonal solar terms from the perspective of Han dynasty hexagram qi theory

作　　者：刘立伟 毕洋 柳长华 范逸品[3] LIU Liwei;BI Yang;LIU Changhua;FAN Yipin(College of Basic Medical Sciences,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu,Sichuan 610075,China;China Research Institute for Unearthed Medical Literature and Artifacts Cultural Relics,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu,Sichuan 610075,China;Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学基础医学院,四川成都610075 [2]成都中医药大学中国出土医学文献与文物研究院,四川成都610075 [3]中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《上海中医药杂志》2025年第4期40-45,共6页Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：中国中医科学院自主选题项目(Z0756);中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A00704);四川省哲学社会科学基金一般项目(SCJJ23ND275);王永炎全国名老中医药专家学术经验继承项目(Z0815)。

摘　　要：汉代卦气说承卜筮易学之余脉,以天人感应和阴阳五行灾异论为构建基础,形成了统摄天地气运的占验象数易学。其中以四时八节二十四节气应期与否,表示风雨寒温象数占验的灾异占候思想被引入到医学中,在《黄帝内经》《伤寒论》中充分体现。八卦二十四节气疾病思想包含了卦象、节气、物候、人体经脉系统,充分展示了早期以气象节气异常为核心的时行疫气思想。汉代卦气说体现了“天人合一”的时空气象疾病模式,形成了早期天行时疫之伤寒、温病的医学思想,同时五行灾异说也为五运六气学说的诞生奠定了思想基础。The Han dynasty's Guaqi(hexagram qi)theory,inheriting the tradition of divination and studies of Yijing,is rooted in the concepts of heaven-human resonance and correspondence,as well as the yin-yang and five-element theories of disaster prediction.It constructs a divinatory,symbol-and numerology-based study of Yijing that integrates and governs the qi dynamics of heaven and earth.The concept of disaster prediction,expressed through the timeliness or deviation of the 24 solar terms within the four seasons and eight solar terms to forecast wind,rain,cold,and heat using symbol and numerology-based divination,was introduced into medicine,as seen in Huangdi Neijing(Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon)and Shanghan Lun(Treatise on Cold Damage).The disease concepts associated with the eight trigrams and the twenty-four solar terms include hexagram imagery,solar terms,phenology,and the human meridian system,fully reflecting the early understanding of epidemic qi theory centered on abnormalities in weather phenomena and seasonal patterns.The Han dynasty's Guaqi(hexagram qi)theory embodies a disease model of the"unity of heaven and human",which integrates temporal,atmospheric,and climatic factors.It also gave rise to early medical concepts of epidemic diseases,including Shanghan(cold damage)and Wenbing(warm diseases).Furthermore,the five-element theory of disasters and epidemics laid the theoretical foundation for the development of the theory of Wuyun Liuqi(five movements and six qi).

关 键 词：卦气说 二十四节气 象数易学 时间医学 时行疫气 《伤寒例》 五运六气 

分 类 号：R22[医药卫生—中医基础理论]