桑叶黄酮对水牛瘤胃体外发酵和微生物多样性的影响研究  

Effects of mulberry leaf flavone on rumen fermentation and microbial diversity of buffalo in vitro

作　　者：曾繁泉 罗鲜青 杨承剑 王克耀 彭丽娟 李孟伟 ZENG Fanquan;LUO Xianqing;YANG Chengjian;WANG Keyao;PENG Lijuan;LI Mengwei(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics,Reproduction and Breeding,Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute,Nanning,Guangxi 530001,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区水牛研究所,农业农村部(广西)水牛遗传繁育重点实验室,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《中国饲料》2025年第7期109-115,共7页China Feed

基　　金：广西自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(2021GXNSFBA196060);广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22068099-8);国家现代农业产业技术体系广西奶水牛创新团队建设项目(nycytxgxcxtd-2021-21-03)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究桑叶黄酮(MLF)对水牛瘤胃体外发酵特性和瘤胃微生物区系的影响,并探讨其适宜的添加量。试验采用发酵瓶连续培养,准确称取饲料底物1 g于发酵瓶中,分别添加底物重量的0%、0.4%、0.8%、1.2%MLF,共4个组,每组6个重复,连续培养72 h。结果表明:(1)添加0.4%底物浓度的MLF可显著提高干物质降解率(P<0.05);添加MLF可显著提高粗蛋白质和中性洗涤纤维降解率(P<0.05),且以添加0.4%底物浓度的MLF效果最好;添加0.4%和1.2%MLF均能显著提高酸性洗涤纤维降解率(P<0.05)。(2)添加0.4%和1.2%MLF可显著降低体外发酵产气量(P<0.05);添加MLF对氢气、甲烷总产量无显著影响(P>0.05)。(3)添加MLF可显著提高pH和氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度(P<0.05),其中添加0.4%MLF组的NH3-N浓度显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);添加0.4%和1.2%MLF可显著降低微生物蛋白浓度(P<0.05);相比对照组,添加0.8%MLF显著提高了乙酸、丙酸浓度(P<0.05);MLF对丁酸、异丁酸、戊酸、异戊酸含量影响不显著(P>0.05)。(4)门水平上,各组优势菌群均为Firmicutes和Bacteroidota,添加0.4%和0.8%MLF的瘤胃液Firmicutes含量较其他各组有所提高,而添加MLF组瘤胃液的Bacteroidota较对照组有所降低。综上可知,在水牛饲粮中添加MLF能提高营养物质的消化吸收,降低发酵产气量,改善瘤胃发酵和微生物组成。本试验条件下,MLF在日粮中的最适宜添加水平为0.4%。The study aimed to investigate the effects of mulberry leaf flavone(MLF)on rumen fermentation characteristics and microbial diversity of buffalo in vitro,and to explore the appropriate dosage of MLF.Continuous culture in fermentation bottle was used in the experiment,weigh 1 g of feed substrate in fermentation bottle,add 0%,0.4%,0.8%and 1.2%MLF of substrate weight,respectively.Each group was cultured with 6 replicates for 72 h.The results showed that:(1)Adding 0.4%substrate concentration of MLF significantly increased dry matter degradation rate(P<0.05);The degradation rates of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber(NDF)were significantly increased after MLF supplementation(P<0.05),and the best effect was found with 0.4%substrate concentration.Adding 0.4%and 1.2%MLF significantly increased the degradation rate of acid detergent fiber(ADF)(P<0.05).(2)Adding 0.4%and 1.2%MLF significantly decreased gas production(P<0.05),but no significant difference on hydrogen and methane(P>0.05).(3)pH and NH3-N concentration were significantly increased(P<0.05),and NH3-N concentration in 0.4%MLF group was significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05);Adding 0.4%and 1.2%MLF significantly decreased microbial protein(MCP)(P<0.05);Compared with control group,0.8%MLF significantly increased the concentrations of acetic acid and propionic acid(P<0.05),while had no significant effects on the contents of butyric acid,isobutyric acid,valeric acid and isovaleric acid(P>0.05).(4)At the phylum level,the dominant bacteria of each group were Firmicutes and Bacteroidota.The content of Firmicutes in 0.4%and 0.8%MLF groups were higher than other groups,while Bacteroidota was lower than control group.In conclusion,MLF supplementation in buffalo diet could improve nutrient digestion and absorption,decrease fermentation gas production,and improve rumen fermentation and microbial composition.In this study,the optimal supplemental level of MLF was 0.4%.

关 键 词：桑叶黄酮 体外发酵 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]