饲料中添加菊粉对罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)生长、营养品质及肠道菌群结构的影响  

Effecfs of adding inulin on growth performance,nutritional quality and intestinal bacteria in Macrobrachium rosenbergii

作　　者：熊昭娣[1] 李晶晶 李丰 苏建 XIONG Zhaodi;LI Jingjing;LI Feng;SU Jian(Shanghai Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry,Shanghai 201699,China;Shanghai Jian Qiao University,Shanghai 201306,China;Fisheries Research Institute of Neijiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Neijiang,Sichuan Province 641000,China)

机构地区：[1]上海农林职业技术学院,上海201699 [2]上海建桥学院,上海201300 [3]四川省内江市农业科学院,四川内江641000

出　　处：《中国饲料》2025年第7期144-150,共7页China Feed

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(2022YFS0478);内江市科技计划项目(2021KJJH004).

摘　　要：为研究饲料中添加菊粉对罗氏沼虾生长、营养品质和肠道菌群结构的影响,以秘鲁鱼粉和豆粕为主要蛋白源,制备3组不同菊粉水平(0、2.5、10 mg/g)的等氮等能饲料。选用初始体重为(0.58±0.04)g的罗氏沼虾在室内水族箱中进行为期40 d的养殖试验。结果表明:(1)菊粉对沼虾的存活率、增长率影响不显著(P>0.05);P10组存活率最低,P2.5组增重率和特定生长率最高,且饵料系数最低;(2)各组虾肉中氨基酸总量(TAA)分别为79.07%、79.02%和83.23%,必需氨基酸(EAA)分别为29.92%、29.87%和31.28%;EAA/TAA为37.58%~37.84%,EAA/NEAA为73.76%~74.36%,蛋白质组成属于优质产品;(3)各组肠道菌落的多样性指数(Chao1、Shannon、Simpson指数)均无显著性差异(P>0.05),P10组的Chao1指数最高,Simpson指数最低。从门的水平上看,各组优势菌落为厚壁菌门、变形菌门和软壁菌门,P10组的软壁菌门含量最低,厚壁菌门含量最高;从属水平上看,乳球菌属为各组优势菌落,以P10组为最高,芽孢杆菌属和乳球菌属等有益菌丰度上升,致病菌如支原体菌丰度下降。研究表明,饲料中添加菊粉可促进沼虾生长和提高其肠道菌群多样性和丰度,有利于机体抵抗能力提升和水产病害爆发风险降低;同时其肉质鲜美程度和营养价值不受影响。An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of inulin on growth performance,nutritional quality and intestinal flora structure in giant river prawn,Macrobrachium rosenbergii.Three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated for giant river prawn,with different level of inulin(0,2.5,10 mg/g),using Peruvian fish meal and soybean meal as the main protein sources.The giant river prawn with an initial body weight of(0.58±0.04)g were selected for a 40-day experiment in an indoor aquarium.The results showed as follows:(1)The survival rate and growth rate of giant river prawn were not significantly(P>0.05)affected by inulin;the survival ratet of P10 group was the lowest,the weight gain rate and specific growth of P2.5 group were the highest,meanwhile the rate feed coefficient of P2.5 group was the lowest.(2)The total amount of amino acids in shrimp meat of each group were 79.07%,79.02%and 83.23%,respectively,and the total amount of essential amino acids were 29.92%,29.87%and 31.28%,respectively.The EAA/TAA ratio was 37.58%~37.84%,and the EAA/NEAA ratio was 73.76%~74.36%,indicating that the protein composition belonged to high quality products.(3)There were no significant differences(P>0.05)in the diversity indexes(Chao1,Shannon and Simpson index)of intestinal flora in each group,and the Chao1 index of P10 group was the highest,and the Simpson index was the lowest.At the level of phylum,the dominant colonies in each group were Firmicutes,Proteobacteria and Tenericutes,and the content of Tenericutes was the lowest and the content of Firmicutes was the highest in P10 group.At the level of genus,Lactococcus was the dominant colony in each group,with the highest in P10 group.The abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus and Lactococcus increased,while the abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Mycoplasma decreased.Studies indicated that inulin supplementation in the diet could promote the growth of the giant prawn and improve the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora,which was conducive t

关 键 词：罗氏沼虾 菊粉 生长 营养品质 肠道菌落 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]