中国六省居民在外就餐情况与食盐摄入量关联性研究  

A study on the relationship between eating out and salt intake in six provinces of China

作　　者：李晴 于欢 刘敏[1] 李园 张普洪 白雅敏[1] 徐建伟[1] LI Qing;YU Huan;LIU Min;LI Yuan;ZHANG Puhong;BAI Yamin;XU Jianwei(National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;George Institute for Global Health,Peking University Health Science Center)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心,北京100050 [2]北京大学医学部乔治健康研究所

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2025年第2期131-136,共6页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：英国国立健康研究院资助中英减盐项目(16/136/77)。

摘　　要：目的 了解中国6省居民在外就餐情况与食盐摄入量的关系,为制定相关的减盐策略提供科学依据。方法 在河北、四川、黑龙江、青海、江西和湖南6个省的12个县区采用多阶段整群抽样的方法抽取18~75岁居民,开展问卷调查、体格测量和24 h尿液收集。采用χ^(2)检验分析不同特征人群在外就餐情况及不同特征人群食盐摄入量情况,采用无序多分类logistic回归模型分析居民在外就餐情况与食盐摄入量的关联性。结果 最终共纳入研究对象2 428名,其中男性1 225人(50.45%),城市人口1 171人(48.23%),在外就餐时有主动要求少放盐意识者471人(19.40%),总人群在外就餐率为26.98%。食盐摄入适量组有247人(10.17%),轻度超标组有1 575人(64.87%),严重超标组有606人(24.96%)。严重超标组与食盐摄入适量组相比,在外就餐高频组比不在外就餐组食盐摄入量严重超标的风险更高(OR=1.868,95%CI:1.035~3.369,P=0.011)。结论 高频率在外就餐行为与高食盐摄入量有关联,且居民在外就餐时主动要求少放盐意识薄弱。Objective To understand the relationship between eating out and salt intake among residents of six provinces in China,and to provide a scientific basis for the development of relevant salt reduction strategies.Methods A questionnaire survey,physical measurements,and 24-hour urine collection were conducted in 12 counties in six provinces,namely Hebei,Sichuan,Heilongjiang,Qinghai,Jiangxi,and Hunan,using multistage cluster sampling to select residents aged 18-75 years.The Chi-square test was used to analyze the eating out and salt intake of different population groups,and the disordered multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between residents'eating out and salt intake.Results A total of 2428 subjects were included in the study,including 1225(50.45%)males,1171(48.23%)urban residents,and 471(19.40%)people who asked for less salt when eating out,with the total rate of eating out being 26.98%.There were 247(10.17%)people in the moderate salt intake group,1575(64.87%)in the mildly excessive group,and 606(24.96%)in the severely excessive group.Compared with the severely excessive group and the moderate salt intake group,the risk of severely exceeding salt intake was higher in the frequent eating out group than in the non-eating out group(OR=1.868,95%CI:1.035-3.369,P=0.011).Conclusion High frequency eating out behavior is associated with high salt intake,and residents have weak awareness of asking for less salt when eating out.

关 键 词：在外就餐行为 食盐摄入量 24 h尿 减盐行为 

分 类 号：R151.42[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]