教育公平与收入差距——基于教育隐性补贴再分配效果的估计  

Educational Equity and Income Inequality:Estimating the Redistributive Effects of Implicit Educational Subsidies

作　　者：杨穗[1,2] 赵小漫 李实 Yang Sui;Zhao Xiaoman;Li Shi

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所 [2]中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院 [3]浙江大学公共管理学院 [4]浙江大学共享与发展研究院

出　　处：《社会政策研究》2025年第2期94-115,136,共23页Social Policy Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“新发展阶段健全社会保障再分配机制研究”(项目批准号:21AJY010);国家社会科学基金重大项目“全面建成小康社会背景下相对贫困治理的实现路径研究”(项目批准号:22&ZD059)。

摘　　要：本文基于中国家庭收入调查(CHIP)和省级教育经费支出数据研究发现,2013年以来基础教育各级支出的城乡差距和地区差距总体缩小,教育隐性补贴的再分配作用增强。但国际比较表明,中国当前的教育总投入和生均经费支出仍然偏低,制约着人力资本水平的提高和收入分配公平的实现。要从保障多渠道教育资源投入、增强教育隐性补贴再分配功能、推动教育高质量发展等方面来提升教育公平的力度、广度和深度,全面推进教育共享发展。Based on data from the China Household Income Project(CHIP)and provincial education expenditure data,this study finds that since 2013,the urban-rural and regional gaps in basic education expenditure at all levels have generally narrowed,and the redistributive role of implicit educational subsidies has strengthened.However,international comparisons show that China's current total education investment and per-student expenditure remain low,constraining the improvement of human capital and the realization of income distribution fairness.To enhance the breadth,depth,and intensity of educational equity,it is necessary to ensure multiple channels of educational resource investment,strengthen the redistributive function of implicit educational subsidies,and promote the high-quality development of education,comprehensively advancing the shared development of education.

关 键 词：教育公平 再分配作用 收入差距 共同富裕 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]