佛经汉译与国家治理:前、后秦时期的国家翻译实践  

The Translation of Buddhist Scriptures into Chinese and State Governance:State Translation Practice in the Pre-Qin and Qin Periods

作　　者：赵效雨 曹双飞 ZHAO Xiaoyu;CAO Shuangfei(College of Foreign Language,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;School of Foreign Languages,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学外国语学院,山东青岛266100 [2]西南大学外国语学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《青岛农业大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期128-133,共6页Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University(Social Science)

基　　金：2024年度西南大学研究生科研创新项目“翻译社会认知视域下粉丝译者行为研究”(SWUB24027)。

摘　　要：国家翻译实践是中国传统翻译实践的主流模式之一,前后秦时期的佛经汉译更是国家介入并主导翻译活动的典型代表。鉴于此,本文从国家视角再次检视前、后秦时期的翻译活动,通过对以道安和鸠摩罗什为首的前、后秦译僧团的佛经翻译进行历时考察,分析并归纳其翻译活动的类型及特征,探究佛经汉译与国家治理之间的关系。研究表明,前、后秦时期国家主导的佛经翻译呈现出制度化特征,封建皇权将翻译纳入国家治理体系之中,借助翻译对内引导意识形态,对外塑造国家形象,而佛教的推广同样需要国家的政治经济支持,国家治理与佛经汉译呈现出双向互惠的流动性关系。State translation practice was one of the mainstream translation modes in China and the translation of Buddhist scriptures into Chinese during the pre-Qin and Qin periods is a representative of state intervention in translation.This paper,from a state-initiated vantage point,re-examines the translation activities during these periods through conducting a diachronic analysis of the translation activities led by Dao'an and Kumarajiva,summarizes the types and characteristics of translation activities,and eventually explores the relationship between the translation of Buddhist scriptures into Chinese and state governance.The study shows that the state-led translation of Buddhist scriptures during the pre-Qin and Qin periods exhibited institutional characteristics.The feudal imperial power incorporated translation into the state governance system,using translation to guide ideology internally and shape the national image externally.Meanwhile,the promotion of Buddhism also required political and economic support from the state.There is a two-way and reciprocal fluid relationship between state governance and the translation of Buddhist scriptures into Chinese.

关 键 词：国家翻译实践 佛经汉译 国家治理 翻译史 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]