为人者天:董仲舒论人的本质  

Dong Zhongshu on the Nature of Man: Wei Ren Zhe Tian

作　　者：魏彦红[1] WEI Yanhong(Dong Zhongshu and Traditional Culture Research Center,Hengshui University,Hengshui,Hebei 053000,China)

机构地区：[1]衡水学院董仲舒与传统文化研究中心,河北衡水053000

出　　处：《衡水学院学报》2025年第2期33-39,共7页Journal of Hengshui University

基　　金：河北省教育厅人文社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(ZD202125);河北省教育厅人文社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(ZD202328);国家社科基金重大项目(19ZDA027)。

摘　　要：“为人者天”是董仲舒关于人循天道应遵守的总则。首先,“为人者天”界定了人的本质:人之为人本于天、循之天,天是人的曾祖父,人为天副。其次,人化天而成,表现为:人之形体,化天数而成;人之血气,化天志而仁;人之德行,化天理而义;人之好恶,化天之暖凊;人之喜怒,化天之寒暑;人之受命,化天之四时。第三,天只生人,人若成人,王必教化。王承天意以成民之性为己任。教是为政之本。总之,“为人者天”是董仲舒关于人之为人的本质。The idea of“Wei Ren Zhe Tian”is Dong Zhongshu’s general rule that man should abide by according to the way of Heaven.First of all,this term defines the essence of man:man originates from Heaven and obeys the order of Heaven;Heaven is man’s great grandfather and man is a replica of Heaven.Secondly,man is created by Heaven.Man’s body is formed according to the numbers of things in nature.Man’s sprit is developed into benevolence according to the will of Heaven.Man’s virtue is developed into righteousness according to the principle of Heaven.Man’s likes and dislikes are developed according to warmth and coolness.Man’s pleasure and anger are developed according to cold and heat.Man’s life is developed according to the four seasons.Thirdly,Heaven only creates man;if man wants to be truly a man,he needs to be edified by Heaven.

关 键 词：董仲舒 《春秋繁露》 为人者天 天志 仁 义 教化 

分 类 号：B234.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]