阿尔都塞论艺术与意识形态的关系  

Althusseron the Art⁃Ideology Relation

作　　者： 高琼(译) Pauline Johnson;Qiong GAO(Macqurie Unversity;Zhejiang University)

机构地区：[1]澳大利亚麦考瑞大学社会科学系 [2]浙江大学传媒与国际文化学院

出　　处：《马克思主义美学研究》2024年第2期125-138,399,共15页Research on Marxist Aesthetics

基　　金：中国文学艺术基金会、中国文学艺术发展专项基金资助;教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“马克思主义美学话语体系的历史演变和范式转换研究”(22JZD005)阶段性成果

摘　　要：在《马克思主义美学》一书中,波琳·琼森认为,马克思主义美学理论的主流确实存在共同的问题式:它们都试图确定艺术作品解放冲力的基础。马克思主义美学理论的核心理论问题要求形成关于意识形态改变过程的民主阐释。对阿尔都塞来说,马克思主义意识形态理论说明了适合于维持特定生产关系的意识模式是如何产生的。阿尔都塞的马克思主义认为,知识的基础不在于社会生活的动态,而只在于科学理论的相对自主性。琼森提出,阿尔都塞的问题式与确定日常生活意识改变的基础的意图是不相容的。在研究了阿尔都塞意识形态理论关于意识形态斗争的理解后,她转向了对阿尔都塞的艺术与意识形态关系的理论的考察。琼森强调,阿尔都塞关于艺术的文章所探讨的是个人意识如何改变的问题,而不是追问适当意识是如何产生的。在她看来,阿尔都塞意识形态理论的理论基础恰恰使他无法为这个核心问题提供充分解答。In Marxist Aesthetics,Pauline Johnson suggests that the main stream of Marxist theories of aesthetic do share a common problematic:they all attempt to determine the basis of the emancipatory impact of the work of art.The central theoretical problem addressed by Marxist theories of aesthetics necessitates an attempt to formulated a specifically democratic account of the process of ideological change.For Althusser,a Marxist theory of ideology at⁃tempts to determine how a mode of consciousness appropriate to the maintenance of given pro⁃ductive relations is produced.Althusser's Marxism maintains that the foundations of knowledge lie not within the dynamics of social life but only in the relative autonomy of scientific theo⁃ry.Pauline Johnson proposes to show that Althusser's problematic is incompatible with an at⁃tempt to identify the basis within everyday life for a changed consciousness.After examining the implications of his theory of ideology for an account of ideological struggle,she turns to a consideration of Althusser's theory of the art/ideology relation.Johnson emphasizes that the essays on art want to know how the individual's consciousness can be changed instead of ask⁃ing how an appropriate consciousness is produced.She suggests that the theoretical founda⁃tions of Althusser's theory of ideology prevent him from providing an adequate answer to the central problem.

关 键 词：马克思主义美学 阿尔都塞 艺术的意识形态 

分 类 号：J0-02[艺术—艺术理论] B565.59[哲学宗教—外国哲学]