表空间义的日语「地下」与中文“地下”的对比  

A Comparison Between the Spatial Meanings of Japanese“chika”and Chinese“dixia”

作　　者：宗聪 

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学日本文化经济学院,上海市200083

出　　处：《汉日语言对比研究论丛》2019年第1期59-68,共10页

摘　　要：该文旨在对日语「地下」与中文"地下"表空间义情况下的语义特征进行对比,在对两者表示的空间义、对应的构词结构及多义情况下用以区分的特殊标识分别进行考察的基础上加以比较。由此发现,相较于日语的「地下」只能够表示"地面之下"这一种含义,中文的"地下"兼具"地面之下"及与其截然相反的"地面上"两种含义。在口语情况下中文"地下"的多义可以通过"轻声"这一标识来进行区分。此外,从汉日同形词研究的角度来看,理应把此种受汉语特殊构词方式影响的对应情况作为特例来处理。The paper aims to find how Japanese“chika”and its Chinese equivalent“dixia”differ in expressing spatial meanings,which is based on a study of the semantic meanings,morphemic structures of the two words,and their makers used to differentiate polysemy.It is found that while“chika”only has the meaning of“under the ground”,“dixia”can mean both“under the ground”and“on the ground”.In the spoken language,the polysemy of“dixia”can be differentiated by being pronounced without its original pitch.When it comes to homomorphism research between Chinese and Japanese,such semantic difference resulting from morphemic structure should be approached as an exception.

关 键 词：「地下」“ 地下” 空间义 构词结构 同形词 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语] H136