基于事件结构的汉日复合动词构词对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Chinese and Japanese Compound Verbs Based on Event Structure

作　　者：史曼 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学外国语学院日语系,陕西省西安市710062

出　　处：《汉日语言对比研究论丛》2023年第1期38-50,共13页

基　　金：2018年度国家社科基金青年项目“致使交替现象的汉日对比研究”(批准号:18CYY056)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：汉语和日语中都存在丰富的复合动词,且各类复合动词的能产性存在差异。本文发现:从语义关系来看,汉日语的复合动词皆有因果、方式、并列关系;从能产性来看,汉语复合动词能产性由高到低依次为并列、方式、因果,而日语是因果—方式—并列。本文基于事件结构理论探析上述现象的语义因素,分析表明汉日语复合动词语义分类的一致性及各类复合动词能产性的差异源于单一动词事件结构的限制。Chinese and Japanese languages both have rich compound verbs,and there are differences in the productiveness of compound verbs.This article finds that from the perspective of semantic relationships,the compound verbs in Chinese and Japanese have causality,manner,and coordination relationships,but in terms of potential productivity,the order of Chinese compound verbs from high to low is coordination-manner-causality,while in Japanese it is causality-manner-coordination.This article explores the semantic mechanism of the above phenomenon based on the event structure theory.The analysis shows that the consistency of semantic classification of compound verbs in Chinese and Japanese and the differences in productiveness of various compound verbs are caused by the limitations of the event structure of a single verb.

关 键 词：复合动词 能产性 语义关系 事件结构 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语] H146.1