《刑事诉讼法》第四次修改前景中的公诉程序  

The Public Prosecution Procedure in the Prospect of the Fourth Revision of the Criminal Procedure Law

作　　者：张建伟[1] Zhang Jianwei(the Law School of Tsinghua University)

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院

出　　处：《国家检察官学院学报》2025年第2期111-129,共19页Journal of National Prosecutors College

摘　　要：在《刑事诉讼法》第四次修改的前景中,以我国当代司法经验为基础,域外经验和我国晚清以来检察制度的本土资源为参照,就公诉程序的完善问题进行研究,进一步提出具体建议,显然是必要的。公诉程序在未来《刑事诉讼法》修改中,涉及的议题包括:将不告不理原则及其引申性规则(审判范围受起诉范围限制)纳入《刑事诉讼法》中;在立法中将变更原则及其内容(追加、变更、补充、撤回起诉)进行明确规定,填补法律空白;我国当代《刑事诉讼法》已经建立较为完整的不起诉体系,但是需要扩大附条件不起诉的适用范围,不起诉适用的条件也有缺项应当弥补;在不起诉救济程序中,当代刑事诉讼制度可以借鉴德国、日本等国的强制起诉与准起诉制度,其中法官筛选过滤机制有其诉讼经济上的优势,我国公诉转自诉制度应当予以移植;撤回起诉具有终结诉讼程序的效力,这与不起诉相同,因此撤回起诉之后无须再作出不起诉决定,我国《刑事诉讼法》第四次修改应就此程序作出相应设计。In the prospect of the fourth revision of the Criminal Procedure Law,it is necessary to study the improvement of the public prosecution procedure based on contemporary judicial experience in China,with reference to extraterritorial experience and local resources of the procuratorial system since the late Qing Dynasty,and further propose specific suggestions.In the future revision of the Criminal Procedure Law,the issues involved in the public prosecution procedure include:incorporating the principle of nonprosecution and its extended rules(the scope of trial is limited by the scope of prosecution)into the Criminal Procedure Law;clearly defining the principle of change and its content(addition,change,supplement,withdrawal of prosecution)in legislation to fill legal gaps;The contemporary Criminal Procedure Law of our country has established a relatively complete non-prosecution system,but it is necessary to expand the scope of application of conditional non-prosecution,and there are also deficiencies in the conditions for the application of non-prosecution that should be filled;In the nonprosecution relief procedure,the contemporary criminal litigation system can draw on the compulsory prosecution and quasi-prosecution systems of countries such as Germany and Japan.The judge screening and filtering mechanism has its advantages in litigation economics,and China's system of transferring public prosecution to private prosecution should be transplanted;withdrawing a lawsuit has the effect of terminating the litigation process,which is the same as not filing a lawsuit.Therefore,there is no need to make a decision not to file a lawsuit after withdrawing the lawsuit.The fourth revision of China's Criminal Procedure Law should make corresponding designs for this procedure.

关 键 词：公诉制度 不起诉 撤回起诉 制度灵感 本土资源 

分 类 号：D915.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]