清初性理学者的“考据癖”:以姜兆锡为例  

“Philological Obsession”of Neo-Confucian Scholars in the Early Qing Dynasty:A Case Study of Jiang Zhaoxi SUN

作　　者：孙云渤 孙赫男[1] SUN Yunbo;SUN Henan

机构地区：[1]吉林大学古籍研究所,长春130012 [2]北华大学文学院

出　　处：《北华大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期48-54,152,153,共9页Journal of Beihua University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：吉林省教育厅科研项目“高等师范院校嵌入式德育实践路径研究”(JJKH20210083SZ);吉林省教育科学规划项目“高等师范院校嵌入式德育实践路径研究”(GS2023)的阶段性成果研究。

摘　　要：清初经学并非汉、宋两派判然分明,一方面汉学者有“不废义理”的一面,另一方面宋学者也重视对训诂考据方法的运用,姜兆锡就是后者的代表。姜兆锡(1666—1745)活跃于康熙晚期至乾隆前期,曾任三礼馆纂修官,他一生遍注群经,有《九经补注》流传后世,是清代宋学阵营中重视文献考据的代表学者。其学术以朱熹为依归,博雅淹通传世文献,且推崇实学,在当时影响较大。但其考据方法在此后的汉学家看来颇显粗糙,四库馆臣对其著作的评价不高,其经注也较少受到乾嘉以后的学者关注。姜兆锡正处于清代汉、宋学术交替的关键节点,从其著述中可以看到清代汉、宋学术嬗变的内部复杂面相和丰富层次,从其身上也可探析清代中后期“汉宋兼采”学术进路的内生性因缘。Early Qing scholarship was not distinctly divided into Han and Song schools.On one hand,Han scholars did not entirely discard the study of principles,and on the other hand,Song scholars also placed emphasis on the application of exegetical and textual criticism methods.Jiang Zhaoxi(1666-1745)is a representative of the latter,active from the late Kangxi to the early Qianlong period.Jiang Zhaoxi served as an editor in the Sanli Pavilion.He annotated numerous classics throughout his life,and his work,Supplementary Annotations to the Nine Classics,has been passed down to posterity,making him a representative scholar in the Song learning camp of the Qing dynasty who emphasized documentary textual criticism.His scholarship was fundamentally based on Zhu Xi,he was well-versed and erudite in the transmitted literature,and he advocated for practical learning,which had a significant impact at the time.However,his methods of textual criticism were considered rather crude by later Han scholars,and the editors of the Siku Quanshu did not highly regard his works.His annotations on the classics also received less attention from scholars after the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods.Jiang Zhaoxi was at a critical juncture in the transition between Han and Song scholarship in the Qing dynasty.His writings revealed the internal complexities and rich layers of the evolution of Han and Song scholarship in the Qing dynasty,and from his work,one can also explore the endogenous causes of the“integrated Han-Song”academic approach in the mid-to-late Qing period.

关 键 词：姜兆锡 《九经补注》 汉宋之争 考据学 义理学 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]