商业与德性:亚当·斯密对商业社会的伦理辩护  

Commerce and Virtue:On Adam Smith's Ethical Defense of Commercial Society

作　　者：李育书 LI Yushu(Department of Philosophy,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics)

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学哲学系

出　　处：《当代中国价值观研究》2025年第1期5-14,共10页Chinese Journal of Contemporary Values

摘　　要：长期以来,商业社会受到了各种道德批评。斯密通过同情心确立社会的消极正义、发展个体的德性,通过考察社会历史表明商业社会的发展推动了社会风气的进步和现代政治制度的形成,并批判古典德性的过时,最终回应了商业社会遭受的道德批判,论证了商业社会的道德意义。无论是斯密所揭示的个体之社会性维度,还是他所采用的历史性方法,都使得他对商业社会的辩护具有更深远的意义。当下,我们可以立足商业社会建构正义与规范,在发展市场经济、推动社会转型过程中提升社会整体道德水平。For a long time,people have put forward various moral criticisms of the commercial society.Smith established the negative justice of society and developed individual virtues through sympathy.He also pointed out through social history that the development of commercial society has brought about progress in social norms and modern political systems,and criticized the outdated and unbearable classical virtues.Smith ultimately responded to the moral criticism of the commercial society and argued for its moral significance.Both Smith's revelation of the social dimension of the individual and his historical approach make his defense of the commercial society more profound.At present,we can build justice and norms based on the commercial society,and enhance social morality in the process of developing market economy and promoting social transformation.

关 键 词：商业社会 自私 同情 正义 德性 

分 类 号：B82[哲学宗教—伦理学]