基于显微视觉的光栅编码器码盘偏心调整技术研究  

作　　者：张俊宇 张广钿 周丽杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨东安汽车动力股份有限公司,哈尔滨150060 [2]哈尔滨理工大学,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《科技创新与应用》2025年第10期51-54,共4页Technology Innovation and Application

摘　　要：光栅编码器作为精密测量和运动控制的关键传感元件,其测量精度直接决定了系统的整体精度水平。编码器核心部件光栅码盘的安装精度是影响其精度的核心因素之一。针对传统人工调整方法存在的不足,该文提出一种基于显微视觉的码盘偏心自动调整方法。该方法通过高精度视觉系统实时采集旋转码盘图像,利用边缘特征提取算法检测码盘基元轮廓,并建立多基圆参考点的最大偏心量计算模型。基于该视觉反馈,系统采用单自由度推杆机构通过2次渐进式补偿实现旋转中心的精确校正。实验结果表明,所提方法可实现±2μm的调整精度,提高调整精度和效率,为编码器智能制造提供可靠的技术解决方案。As a key sensing component for precision measurement and motion control,the grating encoder's measurement accuracy directly determines the overall precision of the system.The installation accuracy of the grating code disc,the encoder's core component,is one of the critical factors affecting its performance.To address the limitations of traditional manual adjustment methods,this paper proposes an automatic eccentricity adjustment method for code discs based on microscopic vision.The method employs a high-precision vision system to capture real-time images of the rotating code disc,utilizes an edge feature extraction algorithm to detect the contours of the disc's primitive structures,and establishes a computational model for maximum eccentricity based on multiple reference points of base circles.Using this visual feedback,the system achieves precise correction of the rotational center through a single-degree-of-freedom push-rod mechanism with two-step progressive compensation.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves an adjustment accuracy of±2μm,significantly improving both adjustment precision and efficiency,thereby providing a reliable technical solution for the intelligent manufacturing of encoders.

关 键 词：光栅编码器 显微视觉 偏心调整 图像特征识别 边缘特征提取算法 

分 类 号：TN762[电子电信—电路与系统]