江西教育家胡居仁的工夫教育  

Jiangxi Educator Hu Juren's Gongfu Education

作　　者：张震 周雯洁 Zhang Zhen;Zhou Wenjie

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院教育学院,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《教育学术月刊》2025年第2期69-76,共8页Education Research Monthly

基　　金：国家社会科学基金优秀博士论文出版项目“明代工夫课程的兴起与演变研究”(编号:23FYB068);教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“工夫论视域下的阳明心学教育及当代价值研究”(编号:22YJCZH251)。

摘　　要：讲好中国教育家故事是当今弘扬中国教育家精神的重要议题。明代江西教育家胡居仁(1434-1484)是中国教育家的典型代表,亟待深入挖掘其教育智慧。基于工夫教育视角,从工夫路径(课程)与工夫指导(教学)二维出发,可发现胡居仁在工夫路径之维对“理会身心”的强调,体现为在培养目标上以学至圣人为期,勉励不息;在知识价值上以身心践履为本,摒弃功利;在课程次第上以养心穷理并重,循序渐进。在工夫指导之维,胡居仁倡导“真体实践”,体现为在师德修养上以亲身践履为旨,正己正人;在师者经历上以终身讲学为务,执教兴学;在师友交流中以切磋琢磨为纲,提撕唤醒。Telling the stories of Chinese educators is an important endeavor in promoting the spirit of Chinese educators today.Hu Juren(1434-1484),a Ming Dynasty educator from Jiangxi Province,is an exemplary representative of Chinese educators,and his educational wisdom deserves in-depth exploration.Based on the perspective of gongfu education,this study examines Hu Juren's contributions through two dimensions:the gongfu path(curriculum)and gongfu guidance(teaching).In the dimension of the gongfu path,Hu Juren emphasized“focusing on body and mind”,which is reflected in his educational goal of cultivating students to become sages through continuous encouragement.Regarding knowledge values,he prioritized the practice of mind and body as the foundation while rejecting utilitarianism.In terms of course sequence,he balanced the cultivation of the mind and the pursuit of reasoning,advocating for gradual and systematic progress.In the dimension of gongfu guidance,Hu Juren promoted“real practice”,which is evident in his emphasis on teachers'moral cultivation,personal fulfillment of educational purposes,and the alignment of selfcorrection with guiding others.Regarding teacher's experience,he highlighted the importance of lifelong teaching as a duty,integrating teaching with school management.In pedagogical interactions,he advocated for mutual reminding and advising as core principles.

关 键 词：胡居仁 教育家精神 工夫(功夫) 工夫教育 标识性概念 

分 类 号：G40-09[文化科学—教育学原理]