清末最后六年的国民教育转向与课程改革——以学部及其核心人物为考察对象  

The Turn of National Education and Curriculum Reform in China:1905-1911

作　　者：周勇[1] ZHOU Yong(Institute of Curriculum and Instruction,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学课程与教学研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《全球教育展望》2025年第3期3-13,共11页Global Education

摘　　要：学部自1905年成立,便形成国民教育转向,并开拓出两大国民教育课程改革事业:一是将五大国民素质融入学堂课程与人师课程;二是在全国普及教育,健全国民教育与课程改革系列基础设施。然而,学部终究是在派系势力林立的清末新政场域中展开行动,国民教育课程改革始终无法按预定宗旨顺利推进。1908年起,因清廷固守忠君尊孔,提不出新理想来凝聚各路人心,致使学部越按清廷旨意推进教育普及与课程改革,越是失去人心。学部的国民教育课程改革不仅未能让学生忠君尊孔,反而为立宪派、革命派推翻清廷、重建国家不断输送新生力量,学部及清廷也只能以解体收场,并最终将国民教育课程改革交给新一代主局者。The Ministry of Education of Qing Dynasty had initiated a shift towards national education since its establishment in 1905,which opened up two curriculum reform initiatives.The first was to integrate the five major qualities of citizens into school curricula.The second was to popularize education nationwide.However,the curriculum reform,operating within the faction-ridden field of the late Qing Dynasty,could never proceed smoothly.Starting from 1908,because the Qing court adhered to the loyalty to the emperor and the reverence for the Confucius,and could not unite the hearts of people,the more the Ministry of Education advanced curriculum reform,the more it lost the support from the people.As a result,the curriculum reform not only failed to make students loyal to the emperor and reverent to the Confucius,but also continuously provided new forces for the constitutionalists and revolutionaries to overthrow the Qing court and rebuild the nation.

关 键 词：清末 国民教育 课程改革 

分 类 号：G529[文化科学—教育学]