1648例牙外伤急诊患者的回顾性分析  

A Retrospective Analysis of 1648 Cases of dental trauma

作　　者：张海婷 桑玮璐 曹君媛 王惠敏 侯敬雅 赵增波 ZHANG Haiting;SANG Weilu;CAO Junyuan;WANG Huimin;HOU Jingya;ZHAO Zengbo(Department of oral emergency,Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology,Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases,School and Hospital of Stomatology,Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050017)

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,河北省口腔医学重点实验室,河北省口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,石家庄050017

出　　处：《现代口腔医学杂志》2025年第1期37-41,共5页Journal of Modern Stomatology

基　　金：河北医科大学大学生创新性实验计划项目(USIP2022284);2022年度河北省医学科学研究课题计划(20221469)。

摘　　要：目的分析口腔专科医院口腔急诊牙外伤患者的就诊特点,总结发病规律,为口腔急诊临床诊疗工作和预防宣教提供数据支持。方法回顾分析2022年5月~2023年12月在河北医科大学口腔医院急诊科就诊的1648例牙外伤患者的临床资料,按照患者的性别、发病年龄、就诊时间、牙外伤类型、好发部位进行总结分析。结果牙外伤患者男女比例为1.61:1,女性就诊年龄高于男性(P=0.003);高发年龄段是7~18岁,此年龄段男女患者比例为2.24:1;各年龄组的男女患病率具有统计学差异(P<0.001);日就诊高峰时间段为10:00~12:00和14:00~16:00,各时间段的就诊人数具有统计学差异(P<0.001);85.10%的牙外伤患者在伤后24h以内就诊;最常见的牙外伤类型是牙釉质-牙本质折断(20.51%)和牙震荡(16.68%);乳牙以脱位性疾病为主(70.61%),恒牙以折断性疾病为主(63.12%),乳恒牙的牙外伤类型具有统计学差异(P<0.001);最好发的牙位是上颌中切牙;上颌较下颌更好发(P<0.001)。结论牙外伤患者多见于男性;7~18岁的发生率最高;牙外伤类型中最常见的是牙釉质-牙本质折断和牙震荡;上颌前牙最易受累。口腔急诊医师应熟练掌握牙外伤的诊断和处理方法,同时也要积极进行牙外伤宣教工作,增强群众的牙外伤防范意识及牙外伤后的急救知识。Objective To analyze the characteristics of patients with dental trauma in the emergency departmentof a stomatological hospital,summarize the patterns of incidence,and provide data support for clinical diagnosis andtreatment in dental emergencies as well as for prevention and education efforts.Methods A retrospective analysis wasconducted on the clinical data of 1,648 patients with dental trauma who visited the emergency department ofHebei Medical University Dental Hospital from May 2022 to December 2023.Patients were summarized andanalyzed according to gender,age of onset,time of visit,type of dental trauma,and predisposition of injury sites.Results The ratio of male to female patients with dental trauma was 1.61:1.The age of female was higher than that of male(P=0.003).The age group with the highest incidence was 7~18 years old,with a male to female ratio of 2.24:1.There wasstatistical difference in prevalence between men and women in different age groups(P<0.001).The peak hours for visitswere from 10:00 to 12:00 and from 14:00 to 16:00.There was statistical difference in the number of visits in different timeperiods(P<0.001).85.10%of patients with dental trauma visited the hospital within 24 hours of injury.The most commontypes of dental trauma were enamel-dentin fractures(20.51%)and concussion injuries(16.68%).The main diseases ofprimary teeth were luxation injuries(70.61%),and the main diseases of permanent teeth were fracture injuries(63.12%).There was statistical difference in the type of dental trauma of primary and permanent teeth(P<0.001).The most susceptibletooth position was the upper central incisor,with the upper jaw being more predisposed than the lower jaw(P<0.001).Conclusion Dental trauma patients are predominantly male,with the highest incidence occurring in the 7~18 agegroup.The most common types of dental trauma are enamel-dentin fractures and concussions with the anteriorteeth of the upper jaw being the most affected.Dental emergency physicians should be proficient in the diagnosisand treatme

关 键 词：牙外伤 口腔急诊 临床分析 牙外伤类型 

分 类 号：R782.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]