电控空气悬架阻尼分频混合控制策略研究  

Research on hybrid control strategy for damping frequency division of electronically controlled air suspension

作　　者：潘公宇 杜曾龙 Pan Gongyu;Du Zenglong(Vehicle Product Laboratory,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学车辆产品实验室,镇江212013 [2]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,镇江212013

出　　处：《电子测量技术》2025年第4期25-34,共10页Electronic Measurement Technology

摘　　要：针对提高乘坐舒适性的需求以及依靠单一控制算法存在局限性的现象,本文给出了一种算法结构简易,性能高效,应用成本较低的电控空气悬架阻尼分频混合控制方法。首先是设计了一种变指数天棚控制,仿真表明,其在低频段控制效果较好且比传统天棚更优,其次是对LQG控制进行设计,并利用遗传粒子群算法对Q,R矩阵进行寻优,使其获得全局最优解,根据分析表明,其在高频区域控制效果较好且算法成熟稳定,然后通过高低频分频的方式对两者进行融合,实现对电控空气悬架阻尼在全频段的分频联合控制。最后搭建了基于MATLAB/Simulink平台的1/4车电控空气悬架仿真模型和基于U2快速控制原型和dSPACE/Simulator实时仿真器的硬件在环实验平台(HIL),采用随机路面工况进行仿真和实验验证,实验结果表明,使用变指数天棚分频混合控制比LQR控制效果更好,较被动悬架和SH-ADD混合控制,车身加速度分别下降了15.53%和6.42%,在全频段取得较好的控制效果,充分提高了乘坐舒适性。Aiming at the need of improving ride comfort and the limitation of relying on a single control algorithm,this paper presents a hybrid control method with simple structure,high performance and low application cost.Firstly,a variable index ceiling control is designed,and the simulation shows that the control effect is better in the low frequency band and better than the traditional ceiling.Secondly,the LQG control is designed,and the Q and R matrix is optimized by genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the global optimal solution.According to the analysis,the control effect is better in the high frequency region and the algorithm is mature and stable.Then the two are fused by the way of high and low frequency division to realize the joint control of the electric controlled air suspension damping in the full frequency band.Finally,a simulation model of 1/4 car electronic control air suspension based on MATLAB/Simulink platform and a hardware-in-the-loop experiment platform(HIL)based on U2 rapid control prototype and dSPACE/Simulator real-time simulator are built.Simulation and experimental verification are carried out under random road conditions.Compared with passive suspension and SH-ADD hybrid control,the acceleration of the body decreases by 15.53%and 6.42%,respectively,which achieves better control effect in the whole frequency band and fully improves the ride comfort.

关 键 词：变指数天棚 遗传粒子群算法 电控空气悬架 平顺性 

分 类 号：U463.33[机械工程—车辆工程] TN609[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]