不同贮存方式及时间对烟叶醇化质量的影响  

Effects of Storage Methods and Time on Aging Quality of Tobacco Leaves

作　　者：薛云[1] 曲利利 杨雯静 刘远上 梁佳欣 梁永伟 吴攀 吴彦[1] 许春平 XUE Yun;QU Lili;YANG Wenjing;LIU Yuanshang;LIANG Jiaxin;LIANG Yongwei;WU Pan;WU Yan;XU Chunping(Technical Center of China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co.Ltd.,Nanning,Guangxi 530001;College of Tobacco Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou,Henan 450000;China Tobacco Hebei Industrial Co.Ltd.,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心,广西南宁530001 [2]郑州轻工业大学烟草科学与工程学院,河南郑州450000 [3]河北中烟工业有限责任公司,河北石家庄050000

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2025年第3期25-33,共9页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重大科技项目[110202201005(JY-05)];河南省重大科技专项(231100310200)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明不同贮存方式及时间对烟叶醇化质量的影响,为烟叶分类贮存,实施精准养护措施提供理论依据。【方法】在自然库、保湿库和机械库中分别选取5个醇化时间(3个月、9个月、12个月、15个月、18个月)的福建龙岩CFS烟叶和贵州遵义CFSE1烟叶,品种均为云烟87,采用连续流动仪和GC-MS技术测定烟叶的常规化学成分和挥发性成分含量,利用主成分分析探究不同贮存条件下烟叶醇化的质量。【结果】醇化过程中,不同贮存库2种烟叶的烟碱、总糖、还原糖含量均呈降低趋势,其中,醇化18个月后,3个贮存库中福建龙岩CFS烟叶的烟碱、还原糖及总糖含量较醇化3个月时的降幅分别为23.13%~16.79%、18.82%~16.27%及19.14%~13.33%,以机械库贮存烟碱、还原糖、总糖含量降幅最大。醇化18个月时,机械库、自然库、保湿库中贵州遵义CFSE1烟叶的烟碱含量分别较醇化3个月时降低4.55%、10.13%、6.58%;还原糖降幅分别为7.37%、4.49%、12.23%;总糖降幅分别为7.25%、9.96%、13.30%。醇化18个月时,3个贮存库中福建龙岩烟叶常规化学成分含量、糖碱比均在适宜范围,贵州遵义烟叶还原糖、总糖含量、糖碱比未在适宜范围内,需延长醇化时间。3个贮存库中2种烟叶的挥发性成分总量均随醇化时间延长而增加,醇化18个月时机械库最高。主成分分析结果表明,贮存库对2种烟叶的挥发性成分影响显著。【结论】醇化18个月后,福建龙岩CFS烟叶和贵州遵义CFSE1烟叶挥发性成分总量均在机械库最高,且福建龙岩CFS烟叶常规化学成分含量、糖碱比适宜。综合烟叶常规化学成分含量和挥发性成分总量考虑,福建龙岩CFS烟叶和贵州遵义CFSE1烟叶宜贮存于机械库。【Objective】The influences of different storage methods and time on the aging quality of tobacco leaves were explored to provide the theoretical basis for the classified storage of tobacco leaves and the implementation of precise maintenance measures.【Method】Fujian Longyan CFS tobacco leaves and Guizhou Zunyi CFSE1 tobacco leaves with five aging times(3 months,9 months,12 months,15 months and 18 months)were selected from the natural repository,moisture repository and mechanical repository,respectively.The varieties were Yunyan 87.The conventional chemical components and volatile components of tobacco leaves were determined by continuous flow instrument and GC-MS technology,and the aging quality of tobacco leaves under different storage conditions was explored by principal component analysis.【Result】During the aging process,the nicotine,total sugar and reducing sugar contents of the two kinds of tobacco leaves in different storage repositories showed a decreasing trend.Among them,after 18 months of aging,the nicotine,reducing sugar and total sugar contents of Fujian Longyan CFS tobacco leaves in the three storage repositories decreased by 23.13%-16.79%,18.82%-16.27%and 19.14%-13.33%respectively,compared with those at the three months of aging.The nicotine,reducing sugar and total sugar contents of Fujian Longyan CFS tobacco leaves in the mechanical storage repository decreased the most.At 18 months of aging,the nicotine content of Guizhou Zunyi CFSE1 tobacco leaves in mechanical repository,natural repository and moisture repository decreased by 4.55%,10.13%and 6.58%respectively,compared with that at 3 months of aging,and the reducing sugar decreased by 7.37%,4.49%and 12.23%,respectively,while the total sugar decreased by 7.25%,9.96%and 13.30%,respectively.After 18 months of aging,the conventional chemical composition content and sugar-nicotine ratio of Fujian Longyan tobacco leaves in the three storage repositories were within the appropriate range,while the reducing sugar,total sugar content and sugar-

关 键 词：烟叶 烤烟 贮存方式 烟叶醇化 常规化学成分 挥发性成分 质量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] TS411[农业科学—作物学]