亚麻籽对蛋鸡产蛋性能及蛋品质的影响  

Effects of flaxseed on laying performance and egg quality of laying hens

作　　者：孔凡华 李菁菁[1] 殷佩珊 贾瑞勤 齐莎日娜 田荣荣[2] 刘梦兰 崔亚娟[1] KONG Fanhua;LI Jingjing;YIN Peishan;JIA Ruiqin;Qi Sharina;TIAN Rongrong;LIU Menglan;CUI Yajuan

机构地区：[1]北京市营养源研究所有限公司,北京100069 [2]北京城市学院生物医药学部,北京100083 [3]四川圣迪乐村生态食品股份有限公司,四川绵阳622150

出　　处：《饲料研究》2025年第5期38-44,共7页Feed Research

基　　金：中国航天基金会公益项目。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究亚麻籽对蛋鸡产蛋性能及蛋品质的影响。选用同一饲养条件下健康体重相近的330日龄罗曼粉壳蛋鸡300只,随机分为2组,每组5个重复,每个重复30只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,亚麻籽组饲喂添加亚麻籽的试验饲粮。预试期7 d,正式试验期28 d。结果显示:亚麻籽组平均蛋重极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。亚麻籽组鸡蛋的能量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),脂肪、总膳食纤维的含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),水分含量极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。对照组鸡蛋中锰和硒含量显著高于亚麻籽组(P<0.05),铜、锌和钙的含量显著低于亚麻籽组(P<0.05)。对照组鸡蛋中VE、玉米黄质、β-隐黄质、烟酸、泛酸含量较高,亚麻籽组鸡蛋中VA、VD、生物素、叶酸含量较高。两种鸡蛋中均检测到18种氨基酸,亚麻籽组鸡蛋天冬氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸和必需氨基酸的含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。根据必需氨基酸评分、化学评分和必需氨基酸指数,亚麻籽组鸡蛋的氨基酸均衡性更好,蛋白质营养价值更高。亚麻籽组鸡蛋的多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于对照组,α-亚麻酸含量是对照组的8.26倍,ω-3/ω-6比值是对照组的3.70倍,饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸的比例更为合理。研究表明,亚麻籽可以提高鸡蛋的鲜味和营养价值。This study aimed to investigate the effects of flaxseed on laying performance and egg quality in laying hens.A total of 300 healthy 330-day-old Lohmann Pink-shell laying hens with similar body weights under identical rearing conditions were randomly divided into two groups,with five replicates per group and 30 chickens per replicate.The control group feed a basal diet,while the flaxseed group feed a diet supplemented with flaxseed.The pre-test lasted for seven days and the formal test lasted for 28 days.The results showed that the average egg weight in the flaxseed group was extremely lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).The energy content of eggs in flaxseed group was extremely higher than that in control group(P<0.01),the contents of fat and total dietary fiber were significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05),and the water content was extremely lower than that in control group(P<0.01).The contents of manganese and selenium in eggs of control group were significantly higher than those of flaxseed group(P<0.05),and the contents of copper,zinc and calcium in eggs of control group were significantly lower than those of flaxseed group(P<0.05).The control group eggs contained higher levels of vitamin E,zeaxanthin,β-cryptoxanthin,niacin,and pantothenic acid,while the flaxseed group eggs had higher vitamin A,vitamin D,biotin,and folate.Both groups contained 18 amino acids,with the flaxseed group eggs showing significantly higher aspartic acid,serine,glutamic acid,and essential amino acid levels(P<0.05).Based on essential amino acid scores,chemical scores,and essential amino acid indices,flaxseed-supplemented eggs demonstrated better amino acid balance and higher protein nutritional value.The polyunsaturated fatty acid content in flaxseed-supplemented eggs was significantly higher,withα-linolenic acid levels 8.26 times andω-3/ω-6 ratios 3.70 times those of the control group,alongside a more balanced ratio of saturated,monounsaturated,and polyunsaturated fatty acids.The study concludes that flaxse

关 键 词：亚麻籽 鸡蛋 蛋品质 氨基酸 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]