考虑等效锥度离散度的JM_(3)车轮型面优化  

Optimization of JM_(3) Wheel Profile Considering Equivalent Conicity Dispersion

作　　者：孟凡愚 沈龙江 邓小星[1,2] 姚远 MENG Fanyu;SHEN Longjiang;DENG Xiaoxing;YAO Yuan(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;State Key Laboratory of System Integration of High Power AC Drive Electric Locomotive,CRRC Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412001,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]株洲电力机车有限公司大功率交流传动电力机车系统集成国家重点实验室,湖南株洲412001

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报》2025年第2期346-355,共10页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52372403,U2268211);四川省自然科学基金项目(2022NSFSC0034,2022NSFSC1901);国铁集团科研开发计划课题(N2023J071)。

摘　　要：轮轨匹配对轨道车辆动力学性能有着重要影响,针对现行标准JM3车轮型面与国内不同类型钢轨廓形匹配时等效锥度差异过大,以及在大轨底坡条件下匹配打磨钢轨时因等效锥度过低而引发机车晃车的问题,本文以减小车轮型面在不同轨底坡条件下与CN60型和CN60N型2种钢轨匹配对应的等效锥度离散度为优化目标,采用圆弧、直线组合的车轮型面描述方法,应用NSGA-Ⅱ遗传算法优化滚动圆附近两段圆弧圆心横向位置参数,对JM3型面进行优化,并对优化前后的车轮型面进行轮轨接触特性和机车动力学性能仿真对比分析.结果表明:优化型面在与上述钢轨匹配时,轮对3 mm横移量处的名义等效锥度均在0.1左右,显著降低原JM3踏面等效锥度离散度,提高了车轮型面对不同钢轨廓形和线路条件的适应性;同时,优化后的型面对应机车蛇行稳定性、横向平稳性、曲线通过性能和磨耗性能指标较原型面均得到提升,消除了特定线路机车的低频晃车现象.Wheel-rail profile compatibility has an important influence on the dynamic performance of rail vehicles.The present standard JM3 wheel profile has a large difference in equivalent conicity when it is matched with different types of rail profiles in China.It has the problem of locomotive swaying caused by too low equivalent conicity when the profile is matched with the grinding rail with large rail cant.To address these issues,the optimization objective of reducing the equivalent conicity dispersion of the wheel profile matched with CN60 and CN60N rail profiles under different rail cants was set.The wheel profile was described by a method combining arcs and straight lines.The JM3 wheel profile was optimized by utilizing NSGA-II genetic algorithm to improve the lateral position parameters of the two arc centers near the rolling circle.The wheel-rail contact characteristics and the locomotive dynamic simulation of the wheel profile before and after optimization were compared.The results show that when the optimized wheel profile is matched with the rails above,the nominal equivalent conicities at the 3 mm transverse displacement of the wheelset are all about 0.1,which reduces the equivalent conicity dispersion of the original JM3 wheel profile and improves the adaptability of the wheel profile to different rail profiles and line conditions.At the same time,the locomotive hunting stability,lateral stability,curving performance,and wear performance index of the optimized profile are all improved compared with the original wheel profile.In addition,the phenomenon of low-frequency swaying of locomotives on specific lines is eliminated.

关 键 词：JM3型面 等效锥度 轮轨匹配 多目标优化 动力学性能 

分 类 号：U211.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]