乌头属药用植物叶绿体基因组密码子特征和系统发育分析  

Codon Bias and Phylogenetic Analysis of Chloroplast Genome in Medicinal Plants of A conitum

作　　者：樊东昌 穆赢通 贾俊英[3] 吕丽娟 张晓明 Fan Dongchang;Mu Yingtong;Jia Junying;LüLijuan;Zhang Xiaoming(College of Grassland,Resources and Environment,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Huhhot,010019;Botanical National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Huhhot,010011;College of Agriculture,Inner Mongolia University For Nationalities,Tongliao,028000)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古农业大学植物学国家级实验教学示范中心,呼和浩特010011 [3]内蒙古民族大学农学院,通辽028000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2025年第3期935-944,共10页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2019MS03052);内蒙古自治区高校中(蒙)药材生态种植工程研究中心(培育)项目共同资助。

摘　　要：为明确乌头属药用植物密码子使用特征及其系统发育关系。本研究以乌头属9种药用植物叶绿体基因组为材料,采用分析软件CondoW,在线软件CUSP,R软件对叶绿体基因进行密码子特征分析,同时采用MAFFT软件,MEGA软件进行系统发育分析。结果显示,乌头属9种植物密码子偏好性形成主要受自然选择影响,乌头属9种植物叶绿体基因组高频密码子和最优密码子偏好相同,偏向于A/U结尾。9种植物共有13个最优密码子,叶绿体基因组CDS序列密码子第1位和第2位碱基组成相似,第3位碱基组成对密码子偏好影响较大。基于叶绿体全基因组和CDS序列构建的系统进化关系符合中国植物志亚属的分类关系,且二者都不支持狭盔高乌头作为高乌头的变种。本研究结果可以为乌头属植物的系统进化和遗传育种提供一些参考。To clarify the codon usage characteristics and phylogenetic relationship of A conitum medicinal plants.This study is based on the chloroplast genomes of 9 medicinal plants of A conitum were used as materials and uses analysis software Condow,online software CUSP,and R software to analyze the codon characteristics of chloro-plast genes.By using MAFFT software,MEGA software,we explored system evolutionary relationship of 9 me-dicinal plants of A conitum.The results showed that the codon preference of 9 species of A conitum was mainly af-fected by natural selection.The synonymous codons and the most common codons of the chloroplast genome of 9 species of A conitum were mainly affected by natural selection.The preferred codon preference is the same,with a preference for the end of A/U.There are 13 optimal codons in 9 plants.The base composition of the first and sec-ond bases of the CDS sequence of the chloroplast genome is similar,and the third base composition has a greater influence on the codon preference.The phylogenetic relationship constructed based on the whole chloroplast genome and CDS sequence conforms to the taxonomic relationship of the subgenus of Chinese flora and neither supports A conitum sinomontanum var.angustius as a variety of A conitum sinomontanum.The results of this study can provide some references for the system evolution and genetic breeding of plants in A conitum.

关 键 词：乌头属 密码子偏好性 叶绿体基因组 系统发育 

分 类 号：R282.5[医药卫生—中药学]