母语和二语隐喻的意义激活:眼动和ERP研究综述  

Meaning activation of metaphor in L1 and L2:A review of the eye-tracking and ERP studies

作　　者：郝元元 陈香兰 Hao Yuanyuan;Chen Xianglan

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学语言认知科学学科创新引智基地

出　　处：《外语教学》2025年第2期24-31,共8页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：北京语言大学语言认知科学学科创新引智基地研究生创新基金项目“执行功能在隐喻理解中的作用研究”(项目编号:2022JDCX01)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：规约度对隐喻加工机制影响的研究结果存在矛盾。本文综述了母语和二语隐喻意义激活的理论模型,以及眼动追踪和事件相关电位(event-related potential,ERP)研究,重点探讨了规约度与二语熟练度在隐喻意义激活中的作用,初步揭示了这两大因素对隐喻意义激活进程的影响。以往实证研究表明,在加工常规隐喻时,母语者能够迅速激活隐喻义;而在处理新奇隐喻时,他们倾向于先激活字面义,随后才是隐喻义。相比之下,二语者即便在面对常规隐喻时,也通常首先激活字面义。文章最后讨论了现有研究的局限性,并展望了未来研究方向,建议未来研究应更深入地探讨规约度与熟悉度在影响隐喻加工时是否有差异,并探索更适宜的实验范式,以便深入探究母语者和二语者在隐喻意义激活时间进程上的差异。Current studies on the effects of conventionality on metaphor processing mechanisms have yielded inconsistent results. This paper reviews the theoretical models, eye-tracking studies, and event-related potential(ERP) studies on the meaning activation of L1 and L2 metaphors, focusing on the roles of conventionality and L2 proficiency in metaphor meaning activation. The study preliminarily reveals how these two factors influence the time course of meaning activation.Previous empirical studies indicate that native speakers can rapidly activate the metaphorical meaning when processing conventional metaphors. In contrast, when dealing with novel metaphors, they tend to initially activate the literal meaning, followed by the metaphorical meaning. L2 learners, however, typically activate the literal meaning first, even when processing conventional metaphors. The paper concludes by discussing the limitations of the existing research and suggesting future research directions. It is recommended that future studies should delve deeper into the distinctions between conventionality and familiarity, examining whether these factors differentially influence metaphor processing mechanisms. Additionally, the development of more appropriate experimental paradigms is suggested to provide a more nuanced understanding of the time course of literal and metaphorical meaning activation between native speakers and L2learners, thereby more clearly uncovering their potential differences.

关 键 词：隐喻 规约度 二语水平 眼动 ERP 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]