亚临界水制备杏仁抗氧化肽的工艺优化及其抗疲劳活性研究  

Optimization of the Process for Preparing Apricot Kernel Antioxidant Peptides using Subcritical Water and Study on Their Anti Fatigue Activity

作　　者：李宣达 LI Xuanda(General Education Department,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学通识教育部

出　　处：《食品科技》2025年第2期217-227,共11页Food Science and Technology

基　　金：2023年广东省教育厅项目(2023ZXDY005)。

摘　　要：文章利用亚临界水技术提取杏仁抗氧化肽,并探讨其抗疲劳功效。以脱脂杏仁蛋白饼粕为原料,通过碱溶酸沉法制备杏仁分离蛋白,利用亚临界水提取抗氧化肽,分别考察反应温度、料液比、压力、时间对多肽得率、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除率、羟自由基清除率、2,2'-联氮-双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)(2,2'-Azino-bis(3-Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid),ABTS)阳离子自由基清除率的影响,在单因素基础上采用响应面结合主成分分析法优化工艺参数,进一步通过小鼠负重游泳试验评价其抗疲劳活性。亚临界水提取抗氧化肽的最佳工艺参数为温度180℃、料液比1:52、压力8 MPa、时间9 min,该条件下多肽得率为(25.2±1.16)%,DPPH自由基清除率为(68.9±0.93)%,羟自由基清除率为(67.7±6.86)%,ABTS阳离子自由基清除率为(78.2±2.06)%,规范化综合得分为0.944,与预测值接近。抗疲劳试验结果表明杏仁抗氧化肽对小鼠的体质量影响不大,能够有效延长游泳时长(P<0.05);理化指标结果显示杏仁抗氧化肽能够明显降低血清尿素氮、乳酸含量(P<0.05),提升肌糖原、肝糖原水平和超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力(P<0.05)。研究表明采用亚临界水能够提取制备杏仁抗氧化肽,工艺可行性良好,该多肽具有一定的抗疲劳功效,可以作为开发功能性食品的原料应用。This article used subcritical water technology to extract apricot kernel antioxidant peptides and explored their anti-fatigue effects.Using defatted apricot kernel protein cake as raw material,apricot kernel protein isolate was prepared by alkaline solution acid precipitation method.Antioxidant peptides were extracted using subcritical water,and the effects of reaction temperature,solid-liquid ratio,pressure,and time on peptide yield,1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radical scavenging rate,hydroxyl radical scavenging rate,and scavenging rate of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS)radical cation were investigated.The process parameters were optimized using response surface methodology combined with principal component analysis on a single factor basis,and its anti-fatigue activity was further evaluated through a mouse weight-bearing swimming test.The optimal process parameters for subcritical water extraction of antioxidant peptides are temperature 180℃,solid-liquid ratio 1:52,pressure 8 MPa,and time 9 minutes.Under these conditions,the peptide yield is(25.2±1.16)%,DPPH radical clearance rate is(68.9±0.93)%,hydroxyl radical clearance rate is(67.7±6.86)%,ABTS radical cation clearance rate is(78.2±2.06)%,and the standardized comprehensive score is 0.944,which is close to the predicted value.The results of the anti-fatigue test showed that apricot kernel antioxidant peptides had little effect on the weight of mice and could effectively prolong swimming time(P<0.05).Physical and chemical indicators showed that apricot kernel antioxidant peptides could significantly reduce serum urea nitrogen and lactate content(P<0.05),and increase muscle glycogen and liver glycogen levels and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and glutathione peroxidase(GSHPx)(P<0.05).This study indicates that using subcritical water can extract and prepare apricot kernel antioxidant peptides,with good process feasibility and certain anti fatigue effects,which can be used as raw materials for deve

关 键 词：亚临界水 杏仁 抗氧化肽 疲劳 主成分分析 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]