神话·神异·神化:古代中医传记叙事范式刍议  

Myth,Miracle,and Mythification:On the Narrative Paradigm of Ancient TCM Practitioners'Biographies

作　　者：刘江 赵洁 LIU Jiang;ZHAO Jie(Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha Hunan,410208,China;TCM Culture Research Base of Hunan Province,Changsha Hunan,410208,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南中医药大学,湖南长沙410208 [2]湖南省中医药文化研究基地,湖南长沙410208

出　　处：《文化创新比较研究》2025年第9期7-11,共5页Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation

基　　金：湖南省哲学与社会科学基金项目“中国古代医家传记情境化叙事诗学研究”(项目编号:20YBA205)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：古代中医传记具有史鉴和文学的双重价值,大体遵循了基于事实的叙事规约,但也大胆地拓展了传记文类的叙事边界,融入不少神话传说等文学性极强的虚构元素,形塑了一种特殊的中国传记文学叙事范式。这一范式以中医神话为源起,以神异叙事为表征,以医家神化为旨归。中医源起的神话传说润泽了医家传记的神异叙事内容,并在“人—术—物”三位一体的神化叙事中重构起了不同时代医家的身份神话。貌似荒诞不经的神化叙事并不是历史的虚无,而是对于特定社会历史文化的生动摹写,更是中国传统医学文化的隐喻化言说。该文主要基于正史所载之古代中医传记的神化叙事分析,尝试窥探这一特殊叙事范式的文学性表征及其背后潜藏的文化隐喻特质。The biographies of ancient Chinese medicine have dual values of historical reference and literature,generally following the narrative conventions based on facts,but also boldly expanding the narrative boundaries of biographical literature,incorporating many highly literary fictional elements such as myths and legends,and shaping a special narrative paradigm of Chinese biographical literature.This paradigm originates from traditional Chinese medicine mythology,is characterized by supernatural narratives,and aims to deify medical practitioners.The myths and legends that originated from traditional Chinese medicine have enriched the supernatural narrative content of medical biographies,and reconstructed the identity myths of medical practitioners in different eras through the divine narrative of the"human technique object"trinity.The seemingly absurd and deified narrative is not the emptiness of history,but a vivid portrayal of specific social,historical,and cultural contexts,and more importantly,a metaphorical expression of traditional Chinese medical culture.This article is mainly based on the deification narrative analysis of ancient Chinese medicine biographies recorded in official history,attempting to explore the literary representation of this special narrative paradigm and the cultural metaphorical characteristics hidden behind it.

关 键 词：古代中医传记 神话 神异 神化 叙事范式 文学性表征 

分 类 号：I207.5[文学—中国文学] R276.7[医药卫生—中医五官科学]