基于冰区船操纵运动实时预报的冰山避让分析  

Analysis of Iceberg Avoidance Based on Real-Time Forecast of Ship Maneuvering Motion in Ice Areas

作　　者：雷建奇 孔帅 卜淑霞[1] LEI Jianqi;KONG Shuai;BU Shuxia(China Ship Scientific Research Center,Wuxi 214082,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏无锡214082

出　　处：《船舶工程》2025年第3期15-20,70,共7页Ship Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2024YFC2816400,2024YFC2816402);基础加强基金(2023-JCJQ-JJ-1076);国家自然科学基金(52101331,52001285)。

摘　　要：[目的]为实现冰区船操纵运动响应快速预报,提升船舶在冰区航行时的避让避险安全性,[方法]以操纵运动方程为核心,考虑车舵操控的介入特征,采用半解析方法计算船-冰作用力,形成可对冰区船操控航行进行仿真分析的操纵运动响应实时预报模型,并在验证模型求解准确性与实时性的基础上,针对冰山避让场景开展应急避险操控分析。[结果]结果表明,模型可对层冰区船舶航行轨迹发展进行合理、高效的仿真预报,同时冰山避让安全性受车令、舵令及操舵位置的联合影响,通过提前操舵和维持船速可有效降低船舶碰撞冰山的风险。[结论]研究成果可供冰区船的航线拟定和驾驶决策制定参考。[Purpose]To realize the fast forecast of maneuvering motion response of ice-going vessel and improve the safety of hazard avoidance while sailing in ice region,[Method]a real-time forecast model of maneuvering motion response that can simulate and analyze the ice-going vessel's navigation is developed,which centered on the maneuvering motion equation,considered the interventional feature of engine telegraph and rudder,and calculated the interaction force between ship and ice by semi-analytic method.On the basis of verifying the accuracy and instantaneity of the model,the emergency escape maneuver analysis under iceberg avoidance scenario is carried out.[Result]The results show that the model can provide a reasonably and efficiently forecast of the development of ship navigation track in level ice region,and the safety of iceberg avoidance is jointly affected by telegraph order,rudder order and steering position,through steering in advance and maintaining the ship speed can effectively reduce the iceberg collision risk.[Conclusion]The research results can provide reference for the route planning and navigation decision-making of ice-going vessel.

关 键 词：冰区船 操纵性 冰力 冰山避让 

分 类 号：U661.33[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]