现代大学权力构造的宪法体系化阐释  

Constitutional Systematic Explanations of the Power Structure of Modern Universities

作　　者：魏文松 Wei Wensong(Law School and Institute for Human Rights,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学法学院、人权研究院,南京211189

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2025年第5期115-125,共11页Journal of East China Normal University:Educational Sciences

基　　金：教育部教育类教指委中文专委会——北京语言文字工作协会2024年度教育教学改革课题“语言文字教育治理体系与治理能力现代化的法律保障研究”(2024JGYB064);中国高等教育学会2023年度高等教育科学研究规划重点课题“人工智能促进高等教育治理现代化的模式创新与法律规制研究”(23GG0301)。

摘　　要：在推进教育治理现代化进程中,大学治理体系和治理能力现代化水平的提升依赖于现代大学权力的合理构造。既有理论研究普遍认为行政权力与学术权力是现代大学权力的核心构成,这两类权力范畴可谓现代大学权力构造的基石,但是关于政治权力、民主权力、市场权力、教师权力、学生权力等类型是否构成现代大学权力的必要内容,却一直存在争议。在此基础之上,学界形成了“双重构造”“三维构造”“多元构造”等理论模式,但都存在着一定的局限性。基于宪法教义学的解释进路,现代大学权力构造在宪法层面具备正当性依据。通过对宪法文本中教育发展目标、受教育权、学术自由等重要条款的教义学阐释,可以推演出现代大学权力构造的三重规范内涵。依据功能定位对现代大学权力构造进行体系化展开,行政权力、教育权力、学术权力分别承载着政治性功能、社会性功能、自治性功能。In the process of promoting the modernization of educational governance,the improvement of the modernization level of the university governance system and governance capacity depends on the rational construc-tion of modern university power.Existing theoretical studies generally agree that administrative power and academic power are the core construction components of modern university power,and these two categories of power can be considered the cornerstone of the modern university power structure.However,there has been a controversy about whether political power,democratic power,market power,teachers’power,students’power,and other types of power constitute the necessary content of modern university power.On this basis,the academic community has formed the“dual construction”,“three-dimensional construction”,“pluralistic construction”and other theoretical models,but all have certain limitations.According to the interpretative approach of constitutional doctrine,the power structure of modern universities has a legitimate basis at the constitutional level.The threefold normative connota-tion of the power structure of modern universities can be deduced through the doctrinal interpretation of the import-ant provisions of the constitutional text such as the goal of educational development,the right to education,and aca-demic freedom.According to the systematization of modern university power based on functional orientation,admin-istrative power,educational power,and academic power carry political,social,and autonomous functions respectively.

关 键 词：宪法教义学 行政权力 教育权力 学术权力 体系化展开 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学] G640[文化科学—教育学]