概率统计——处理不确定因素之利器  

Probability and Statistics:A Powerful Tool for Handling Uncertainty

作　　者：王颖喆 WANG Yingzhe(Laboratory of Mathematics and Complex Systems(Ministry of Education),Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;School of Mathematical Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学数学与复杂系统教育部重点实验室,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学数学科学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《数学建模及其应用》2025年第1期119-123,共5页Mathematical Modeling and Its Applications

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFA0712900)。

摘　　要：不确定性和随机性无处不在,在很多实际问题中,都存在随机因素的影响,概率统计方法是量化和处理随机因素的核心工具,如何使用概率统计的思想方法解决实际问题?数学建模竞赛中有哪些问题会用到概率统计的方法和知识?教学中应该注意什么?本文以全国大学生数学建模竞赛中的赛题为例,对此进行了探讨。Uncertainty and randomness are ubiquitous.In many practical problems,there are influences of random factors.Probability and statistics serve as core tools for quantifying and handling such randomness.How can we apply probabilistic and statistical thinking to solve real-world problems?What kinds of problems in mathematical modeling competitions require knowledge and techniques from probability and statistics?And what should be emphasized in teaching?This article explores these questions using competition problems from the National Undergraduate Mathematical Contest in Modeling(CUMCM)as examples.

关 键 词：概率统计 数学建模 随机因素 全国大学生数学建模竞赛 

分 类 号：O29[理学—应用数学]