低出生率背景下江苏学前教育师资供需变化及培养体系优化——基于2025—2035年江苏省学前教育适龄人口预测的分析  

Changes in the Supply and Demand of Preschool Teachers and Optimization ofthe Training System in Jiangsu Against the Background of Low Birth Rates:An Analysis Based on the Forecast of Preschool-Aged Population in Jiangsu Province from 2025 to 2035

作　　者：田燕 吕武 王鲁沛 TIAN Yan;LYU Wu;WANG Lu-pei(School of Preschool Education,Jiangsu Second Normal University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210013,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏第二师范学院学前教育学院,江苏南京210013

出　　处：《苏州大学学报(教育科学版)》2025年第2期105-116,共12页Journal of Soochow University(Educational Science Edition)

基　　金：2021年度江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目“新时代乡村教师专业自主发展的社会支持系统研究”(项目编号:2021SJZDA158);2022年度教育部人文社会科学基金项目“我国家庭式婴幼儿托育机构支持与规范路径优化研究”(项目编号:22YJC880054)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：为考察我国人口从增长发展到下降发展转型对学前师资供需关系和培养的影响,本研究选取江苏省数据,设计总和生育率高、中、低三种方案对学前教育适龄人口变化进行预测,然后基于师资配置标准对2025—2035年江苏省学前师资需求进行测算。结果显示:三种方案下除2029年以外,其他时期学前师资均过剩。当前江苏省幼儿园教师的学历层次整体不高,而江苏省学前师资培养体系虽然规模大、层次全,也仍以专科为主、层次重心较低。因此,一方面应建立在园幼儿和师资需求动态监测机制,逐步提高学前教师配置标准;另一方面提高江苏省学前师资培养体系层次重心,充实本科和扩大研究生层次培养规模,推动专科层次院校分类转型,整合各院校之间培养资源,促进学前师资培养和需求适配。To investigate the impact of the transition from population growth to decline on the supply and demandrelationship of preschool teachers and their training,this study focused on Jiangsu Province.'Three scenarios withhigh,medium and low total fertility rate were designed to predict changes in the preschool-aged population.Then,based on teacher allocation standards,the demand for preschool teachers in Jiangsu Province from 2025 to2035 were calculated.The results indicate that,except for the year 2029,there is an oversupply of preschoolteachers in all other periods under the three scenarios.Currently,the overall educational qualifications ofkindergarten teachers in Jiangsu are not high.Although the preschool teacher training system in Jiangsu is largein scale and comprehensive in level,it still mainly focuses on vocational education,with a relatively low emphasison higher levels.'Therefore,on the one hand,a dynamic monitoring mechanism for predicting changes in thedemand for preschool children and teachers should be established,gradually improving the standards for theallocation of preschool teachers.On the other hand,the emphasis on higher levels in the training system forpreschool teachers in Jiangsu should be enhanced by enriching undergraduate programs and expanding graduatetraining scales,promoting the classification and transformation of vocational colleges,integrating trainingresources among various institutions to promote the adaptation of preschool teacher training and demand.

关 键 词：低出生率 江苏省 学前师资 教师培养体系 

分 类 号：G451.2[文化科学—教育学]