孤独症谱系障碍儿童隐喻理解能力与心理推测能力的联系  

Relationship between metaphor comprehension and theory of mind in children with autism spectrum disorder

作　　者：李凡 林珂瑜 肖永涛[1] LI Fan;LIN Keyu;XIAO Yongtao(School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310053,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江中医药大学医学技术与信息工程学院,浙江杭州市310053

出　　处：《中国康复理论与实践》2025年第4期484-489,共6页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice

基　　金：国家级一流本科专业建设项目(No.教高厅函[2019]16号);省级大学生创新创业项目(No.S202410344037)。

摘　　要：目的探讨学龄孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童隐喻理解能力与心理推测能力之间的关系。方法选取2023年8月至2024年11月就读于杭州市多所特殊教育机构的6~10岁ASD儿童50例(ASD组),以及年龄、性别匹配的典型发育(TD)儿童50例(TD组),采用视觉图片范式测试隐喻理解能力(含概念、外形、外貌和混合隐喻),采用意外内容和意外地点任务测试心理推测能力。结果ASD组隐喻理解总分显著低于TD组(Z=-5.625,P<0.001),主要表现在外形、外貌和混合隐喻中(|Z|>5.625,P<0.01);心理推测能力显著低于TD组(|Z|>5.255,P<0.001)。相关性分析显示,隐喻理解总分(r=0.352,P<0.05)、外形隐喻分(r=0.299,P<0.05)和混合隐喻分(r=0.330,P<0.05)与心理推测能力总分正相关;线性回归分析显示,心理推测能力总分可正向预测隐喻总分(β=0.310,P<0.05)、外形隐喻分(β=0.103,P<0.05)和混合隐喻分(β=0.330,P<0.05)。结论ASD儿童隐喻理解能力发育落后,可能与心理推测能力缺陷相关。Objective To investigate the relationship between metaphor comprehension and theory of mind in school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Methods A total of 50 children with ASD(ASD group)and 50 age-and gender-matched typically developing(TD)children(TD group)were recruited from special education institutions in Hangzhou between August,2023 and November,2024.Metaphor comprehension was assessed using a visual picture paradigm,covering conceptual,shape,appearance and mixed metaphors.The theory of mind was assessed using unexpected content/place tasks.Results The total score of metaphor comprehension was lower in ASD group than in TD group(Z=-5.625,P<0.001),particularly for shape,appearance and mixed metaphors(|Z|>5.625,P<0.01);as well as the scores of theory of mind(|Z|>5.255,P<0.001).There was positive correlation between the total score of theory of mind and total score(r=0.352,P<0.05),shape score(r=0.299,P<0.05)and mixed score(r=0.330,P<0.05)of metaphor comprehension.Regression analyses showed that the total score of theory of mind positively predicted total score(β=0.310,P<0.05),shape score(β=0.103,P<0.05)and mixed score(β=0.330,P<0.05)of metaphor comprehension.Conclusion Children with ASD delayed in metaphor comprehension,which associates with deficits in theory of mind.

关 键 词：孤独症谱系障碍 隐喻理解 心理推测能力 语言康复 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]