半车系统振动控制中的非线性能量汇设计与应用  

DESIGN AND APPLICATION OF NONLINEAR ENERGY SINK IN VIBRATION CONTROL OF A HALF-VEHICLE SYSTEM

作　　者：王义 李旭龙 魏莎 王俊[1] 丁虎[1,2,3] 陈立群 Wang Yi;Li Xulong;Wei Sha;Wang Jun;Ding Hu;Chen Liqun(School of Mechanics and Engineering Science,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Shanghai Frontier Science Center of Mechanoinformatics,Shanghai 200072,China;Shanghai Institute of Aircraft Mechanics and Control,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学力学与工程科学学院,上海200444 [2]上海市力学信息学前沿科学研究基地,上海200072 [3]上海飞行器力学与控制研究院,上海200092

出　　处：《力学学报》2025年第3期720-729,共10页Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12272211和12072181).

摘　　要：为提高乘车的舒适性,提出一种针对半车系统的新型悬架系统控制方案.该方案的核心是分布式布置非线性能量汇,即将多个非线性能量汇分别安装于前车身、后车身和前后车轮.基于牛顿第二定律建立了耦合非线性能量汇的半车系统的动力学方程.利用谐波平衡法求解系统的近似解析解,并使用四阶龙格库塔法验证了近似解析解的准确性.随后,为说明所提方案的有效性,比较了原半车系统以及仅在车身前、后安装非线性能量汇和应用所提控制方案时系统的幅频响应.进一步,分析了所提控制方案中非线性能量汇质量、非线性弹簧刚度和阻尼对减振效果的影响.结果表明,在不改变附加非线性能量汇质量的条件下,所提方案通过分布式布置非线性能量汇实现了车身和车轮的振动控制,提升了乘车的舒适性和安全性.对于车轮,增大非线性能量汇质量有利于提高减振效率,而非线性刚度和阻尼的增大可能存在减振效率的恶化;对于车身,增大非线性能量汇质量或减小阻尼同样有利于提高减振效果,而非线性刚度的增大可能存在减振效率的恶化.所提方案为车辆悬架设计提供了有用的指导,同时也为非线性能量汇的工程应用提供了理论基础.To enhance ride comfort,this study proposes a novel suspension control scheme for a half-vehicle system.The core innovation of this scheme lies in the distributed arrangement of nonlinear energy sinks(NESs),which involves strategically installing multiple NESs at the front body,rear body,and front and rear wheels.The dynamic equations of the half-vehicle system,coupled with NESs,are derived based on the Newton's second law.The approximate analytical solution of the system is obtained using the harmonic balance method,and the accuracy is rigorously verified through numerical simulations employing the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.To thoroughly evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme,the amplitude-frequency responses of three configurations are carefully analyzed:the original halfvehicle system,the system with NESs installed only at the front and rear of the vehicle body,and the system utilizing the proposed distributed control scheme.The results clearly demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly enhances vibration control performance compared to the other configurations.Additionally,the study systematically investigates the influence of key parameters,including NES mass,nonlinear spring stiffness,and damping,on the system's vibration reduction performance.The findings indicate that the distributed arrangement of NESs effectively controls vibrations of both the vehicle body and wheels without increasing the total mass of the NES.This configuration significantly improves ride comfort and safety.For wheel vibrations,increasing the NES mass enhances vibration reduction efficiency,whereas excessive increases in nonlinear stiffness or damping may lead to performance deterioration.For body vibrations,increasing the NES mass or reducing damping similarly improves vibration control,but excessive nonlinear stiffness may result in reduced performance.The proposed scheme not only offers an effective solution for vibration control but also provides valuable guidance for the design and optimization of vehi

关 键 词：半车系统 非线性能量汇 车辆悬架 谐波平衡法 振动控制 

分 类 号：O324[理学—一般力学与力学基础] U46[理学—力学]