特殊教育教师职业压力对职业幸福感的影响:一个链式中介模式  

The Impact of Occupational Stress on Job Well-Being among Special Education Teachers:The Chain Mediation Effect of Emotional Intelligence and Self-Efficacy

作　　者：颜廷睿 许星妍 YAN Tingrui;XU Xingyan(Faculty of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062;Runze School,Longhua District,Shenzhen,518110)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教育学部,上海200062 [2]深圳市龙华区润泽学校,深圳518110

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2025年第1期64-71,共8页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题“特殊儿童校园欺凌风险与防范策略研究”(课题批准号:CHA210263)的阶段性研究成果之一。

摘　　要：职业幸福感是特殊教育教师专业发展的重要内容。由于特殊教育教师工作的复杂性,其职业幸福感受到诸多因素的影响。本研究旨在探究特殊教育教师职业压力对职业幸福感的影响机制,重点分析情绪智力和自我效能感在这一过程中所发挥的链式中介作用。采用问卷调查法对来自25个省市及自治区的432名特殊教育教师进行了测量,采用特殊教育教师职业压力问卷、情绪智力量表、一般自我效能感量表及职业幸福感量表进行调查。研究结果表明:特殊教育教师的职业压力负向影响职业幸福感;情绪智力与自我效能感分别在职业压力与职业幸福感之间起部分中介作用;此外,情绪智力通过自我效能感对职业幸福感产生间接影响,表现出链式中介效应。研究证实了情绪智力和自我效能感在缓解职业压力对职业幸福感负面影响中的重要性,并为制定提升特殊教育教师职业幸福感的干预策略提供了理论依据和实证支持。Job well-being is an important element in the professional development of special education teachers.Due to the complexity of their work,their job well-being is influenced by various factors.This study aims to investigate the mechanism of occupational stress on job well-being among special education teachers,with a particular focus on the chain mediation effect of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy in this process.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 432 special education teachers from 25 provinces,municipalities,and autonomous regions.The tools used in this study included the Occupational Stress Questionnaire for Special Education Teachers,the Emotional Intelligence Scale,the General Self-Efficacy Scale,and the Job Well-being Scale.The results show that occupational stress has a significant negative impact on job well-being.Emotional intelligence and self-efficacy both play a partial mediating role in the relationship between occupational stress and job well-being.Moreover,emotional intelligence indirectly affects job well-being through self-efficacy,exhibiting a significant chain mediation effect.This research confirmed the importance of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy in mitigating the negative impact of occupational stress on job well-being and provided a theoretical basis and empirical evidence for the development of intervention strategies to enhance the job well-being of special education teachers.

关 键 词：特殊教育教师 职业压力 情绪智力 自我效能感 职业幸福感 

分 类 号：G451[文化科学—教育学]