体育锻炼与青少年生涯适应力的关系:一个有调节的中介模型  

The relationship of physical exercise and career adaptability of adolescents:th moderated mediating effect

作　　者：崔子然 付美云 CUI Ziran;FU Meiyun(Vocational Education College,Tianjin University of Technology and Education,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]天津职业技术师范大学职业教育学院心理学系,天津300222

出　　处：《心理月刊》2025年第6期100-103,112,共5页

基　　金：影响职业院校学生未来生涯发展的心理因素与对策(2022JWZD37)。

摘　　要：目的探讨体育锻炼对青少年生涯适应力的影响,以及核心自我评价和学业成绩在二者关系中的作用。方法采用方便取样的方法,通过生涯适应力量表、体育活动等级量表、核心自我评价量表、自我报告的学业成绩对山西省和天津市的940名青少年进行施测。结果体育锻炼正向预测核心自我评价与生涯适应力(r=0.199,0.229,P<0.001);核心自我评价与生涯适应力、学业成绩(r=0.568,0.241,P<0.001)呈显著正相关;生涯适应力与学业成绩(r=0.217,P<0.001)呈显著正相关;体育锻炼通过核心自我评价的中介作用正向预测生涯适应力,间接总效应比重为47.16%;学业成绩对中介模型的前半段路径(体育锻炼正向预测核心自我评价)产生显著的负向调节作用(β=-0.087,t=-3.319,P<0.01)。结论体育锻炼可以直接正向预测青少年生涯适应力,也可以通过核心自我评价间接预测青少年生涯适应力;学业成绩对体育锻炼影响生涯适应力的前半段中介路径有调节作用。Objective To explore the influence of physical exercise on career adaptability of adolescents and the role of core self-evaluation and academic achievement in the relationship between them.Methods A total of 940 adolescents in Shanxi Province and Tianjin City were tested using a convenient sampling method using Career Adaptability Scale,PARS-3,Chinese Core Self-Evaluations Scale and self-reported academic performance.Results Physical exercise positively predicted core self-evaluation and career adaptability(r=0.199,0.229,P<0.001);core self-evaluation was positively correlated with career adaptability and academic achievement(r=0.568,0.241,P<0.001);career adaptability was positively correlated with academic achievement(r=0.217,P<0.001).The physical exercise partially predicts career adaptability through core self-evaluation mediation,and the proportion of indirect total effect was 47.16%.Academic achievement significantly moderated the first half pathway(physical exercise positively predicted core self-evaluation)of the mediation model(β=-0.087,t=-3.319,P<0.01).Conclusion Physical exercise can directly and positively predict the career adaptability of adolescents,and physical exercise can indirectly predict the career adaptability of adolescents through core self-evaluation.Academic performance has a moderating effect on the first half mediating path of physical exercise influence on adolescents'career adaptability.

关 键 词：生涯适应力 体育锻炼 核心自我评价 学业成绩 青少年 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]