高等职业教育资源承载力及其匹配度分析  

Analysis of higher vocational education resource carrying capacity and matching degree

作　　者：刘康 池春阳[3] LIU Kang;CHI Chunyang(Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715;Automotive Engineering College,Chongqing Wuyi Polytechnic,Chongqing 401320;Personnel Department,Wenzhou Polytechnic,Wenzhou 325035,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715 [2]重庆五一职业技术学院汽车工程学院,重庆401320 [3]温州职业技术学院人事处,浙江温州325035

出　　处：《高校教育管理》2025年第3期95-108,共14页Journal of Higher Education Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般项目(BJA240172)。

摘　　要：通过构建高等职业教育资源承载力指数指标体系,运用熵权TOPSIS法测度我国2022年31个省份高等职业教育资源承载力并与承载量进行匹配度分析发现,我国各省份高等职业教育资源承载力指数在0.0959~0.6812,最高的是安徽,最低的是海南,全国平均值为0.1697,资源承载力指数整体偏低,具有较大的提升空间;教育资源承载力水平呈现“中部地区高、东部地区平、西部地区低”的空间差序格局;教育资源承载力和承载量基本匹配的省份较少,只有4个,承载力大于承载量的有9个,承载力小于承载量的多达18个。为整体提升高等职业教育资源的承载力,政府应当精准施策,因地制宜,确保高等职业教育资源供需匹配;双向赋能,构建“高职-地方”螺旋提升机制;动态监测,提升高等职业教育发展的管理韧性。Based on the index system of higher vocational education resource carrying capacity,the entropy weight TOPSIS method was used to measure the carrying capacity of higher vocational education resources in 31 provinces of China,and the analysis of matching with carrying capacity showed that the average value of the higher vocational education resource carrying capacity index in China was 0.1697.Among them,the highest was Anhui with 0.6812,and the lowest was Hainan with 0.0959.The overall index of resource carrying capacity is low,which has a large room for improvement.From the spatial distribution perspective,the carrying capacity index showed a hierarchical pattern of"central high,eastern flat,western low".From the perspective of matching,only four provinces had a basic matching,nine provinces had a carrying surplus,18 provinces had a carrying burden,and the carrying burden of Hebei,Guangxi,and Jiangxi differed by three categories.To improve the carrying capacity of higher vocational education resources as a whole,the government should implement targeted policies and achieve differential supply and demand matching of higher vocational education resources,forming a"higher vocational education—local government"dual spiral promotion mechanism.At the same time,dynamic monitoring should be carried out to further enhance the elasticity of higher vocational education.

关 键 词：高等职业教育 资源配置 承载力 匹配度 熵权TOPSIS 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]