2022—2023年湖北省蔬菜中新烟碱类农药残留分析及慢性膳食暴露评估  

Analysis and chronic dietary exposure assessment of neonicotinoids pesticide residues in vegetables in Hubei Province from 2022 to 2023

作　　者：熊碧[1] 刘小红[1] 杨清清[1] 唐琳[1] 闻胜[1] 李永刚[1] XIONG Bi;LIU Xiao-Hong;YANG Qing-Qing;TANG Lin;WEN Sheng;LI Yong-Gang(Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,National Health Commission Specialty Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Standard Development,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,国家卫生健康委员会食品安全风险评估与标准研制特色实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2025年第9期113-119,共7页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFF1104805)。

摘　　要：目的 了解2022—2023年湖北省蔬菜中新烟碱类农药残留特征和居民膳食暴露风险。方法 在湖北省17市州采集887份蔬菜样品,测定其新烟碱类农药残留量,结合湖北省居民蔬菜消费量,进行膳食暴露评估。结果 湖北省蔬菜中新烟碱类农药的总体检出率为33.4%,超标率为1.58%。超标率前三位的农药是噻虫胺(1.01%)、啶虫脒(0.23%)和吡虫啉(0.23%)。超标率前三位的蔬菜品种是鲜豆类(6.06%)、块根和块茎类(4.48%)和瓜菜类蔬菜(2.00%)。膳食暴露评估结果显示,湖北省居民不同新烟碱类农药的慢性暴露危害商均小于1,慢性暴露风险较低,8种新烟碱类农药的累积暴露量占指示化合物吡虫啉的每日允许摄入量的2.78%,累积暴露风险较低。结论 2022—2023年湖北省居民通过蔬菜的新烟碱类农药慢性暴露风险较低,但蔬菜中存在新烟碱类农药残留超标情况,且超标的蔬菜品种与与传统农药存在不同,建议相关监管部门进一步加强对鲜豆类、块根和块茎类、瓜菜类蔬菜中新烟碱类农药的监管。Objective To investigate the residual characteristics of neonicotinoids pesticides in vegetables and the dietary exposure risk of residents in Hubei Province from 2022 to 2023.Methods A total of 887 vegetable samples were collected from 17 cities in Hubei Province,and neonicotinoid pesticide residues were determined.Dietary exposure was assessed according to the vegetable consumption of residents in Hubei Province.Results The overall detection rate of neonicotinoids in vegetables in Hubei Province was 33.4%,and the exceeding standard rate was 1.58%.The top 3 neonicotinoids exceeding the standard rate were clothianide(1.01%),acetamidine(0.23%) and imidacloprid(0.23%).The top 3 vegetable varieties exceeding the standard rate were fresh beans(6.06%),roots and tubers(4.48%),and melon vegetables(2.00%).The results of dietary exposure assessment showed that the chronic exposure hazard quotient of different neonicotinoids in Hubei Province was less than 1,the chronic exposure risk was low.The cumulative exposure of 8 kinds of neonicotinoids accounts for 2.78% of the acceptable daily intake of the indicator compound imidacloprid,indicating a low cumulative exposure risk.Conclusion The chronic exposure risk of neonicotinoid pesticides through vegetables for residents in Hubei Province from 2022 to 2023 is relatively low.However,there are cases of neonicotinoid pesticide residues exceeding the standard in vegetables,and the types of vegetables with excessive residues are different from those of traditional pesticides.It is suggested that relevant regulatory authorities further strengthen the supervision of neonicotinoid pesticides in fresh beans,root and tuber vegetables,and gourd vegetables.

关 键 词：蔬菜 农药残留 新烟碱类 膳食暴露评估 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]