政策工具视角下我国教师素养政策变迁研究——基于1978—2023年128份政策文本的分析  

A Study on the Evolution of Teacher Competency Policies in China from the Perspective of Policy Instruments:An Analysis of 128 Policy Documents from 1978 to 2023

作　　者：热孜万古丽·阿巴斯[1] 王雪纯 Reziwanguli Abasi;WANG Xue-chun(Faculty of Educational Science,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830017,Xinjiang;Xinjiang Shihezi Vocational Technical College,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学教育科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830017 [2]新疆石河子职业技术学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《当代教师教育》2025年第1期61-68,75,共9页Contemporary Teacher Education

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区高校基本科研业务费科研重点项目(2024年度)“新时代高校对口援疆工作的成效及自我提升机制研究”(XJEDU2024J147);新疆师范大学博士科研启动基金“中华优秀传统文化融入新疆中小学学科教学的现状及其路径研究”(XJNUBS202316)的部分成果。

摘　　要：研究基于政策工具理论,从政策工具类型和教师素养内容两个维度构建二维分析框架,运用Nvivo12软件对1978年至2023年颁布128份教师素养政策文本进行量化研究,探析教师素养政策体系中政策工具运用的特点及可强化的内容。研究发现,在政策工具维度中,权威工具使用频率最高、能力建设工具和激励工具内部结构还有待优化、象征和劝诫工具与学习工具运用频率较低;在教师素养内容维度中,政策的注意力主要集中在师德践行和教学实践方面,对教师的综合育人及自主发展方面的关注还有很大提升空间。基于以上结论,建议优化素养政策工具组合,提升政策工具的协同效果;加强教师综合育人素养、自主发展素养的政策引导扶持,明确教师素养内涵,建构本土素养结构体系;促进有关各方协调配合,确保教师素养政策落地见效。The study is based on the theory of policy instruments and constructs a two-dimensional analytical framework from the perspectives of policy instrument types and teacher competency content.Using Nvivo 12 software,it conducts a quantitative analysis of 128 teacher competency policy documents from 1978 to 2023,exploring the characteristics of policy instrument applications within the teacher competency policy system and identifying areas for enhancement.The findings indicate that in the dimension of policy instruments,authoritative tools have the highest frequency of use,the internal structure of capacity building tools and incentive tools needs to be optimized,and theuse of symbolic,exhortative,and learning tools remains low.In the teacher competency content dimension,policies primarily focus on teacher ethics and teaching practice,while there is still much room for improvement in the comprehensive education and independent development of teachers.Based on the above,the study suggests optimizing the combination of competency policy instruments to enhance their synergistic effects,strengthening policy guidance and support for teachers'comprehensive educational competencies and self-development skills,and promoting coordination among relevant stakeholders to ensure the effective implementation of teacher competency policies.

关 键 词：政策工具 教师素养 政策文本 

分 类 号：G520[文化科学—教育学] G451[文化科学—教育技术学]