宋代伤寒研究方法对伤寒流派形成之影响  

The Influence of Song Dynasty Research Methods on the Formation of Cold Damage Schools

作　　者：程传浩[1] 吕婧岩 CHENG Chuanhao;LYU Jingyan(Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou,Henan,China,450046)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《河南中医》2025年第5期649-652,共4页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家中医药管理局张仲景传承与创新专项项目(GZY-KJS-2022-045-2);河南省中医药文化与管理研究项目(TCM2020025);中华古籍保护计划项目(KJS-ZHYZ-2018-002)。

摘　　要：宋代医家在研究《伤寒论》时所采用的方法主要有重订法、增补法、注解法、专题研究法等,重订法是指对《伤寒论》条文重新归纳、整理的研究方法;增补法是指在《伤寒论》原文基础上进行增补的研究方法,包括增补前人经验、个人续作两个方面;医家对《伤寒论》的注解与阐释,渐渐形成了“以文解论”“以经释论”“以注解论”“以心解论”“集注法”等多种注解方法;依据《伤寒论》诊法、治法、方药、医案等研究对象不同,区分不同专题进行研究的方法称为“专题研究法”;发挥法是不局限于《伤寒论》原文,专论、阐发伤寒病的病因、病机、治法、方药等内容的研究方法。这些思路与方法为后世的伤寒研究提供了更多方向与可能,后世医家或沿袭宋人成法,或有突破创新,或批判、扬弃,从而形成了不同的伤寒流派,分别为重订派、增补派、注解派、证候派、经方派等。探讨宋金伤寒研究方法及其影响,对厘清伤寒学术脉络及其传承发展具有重要意义。Song Dynasty scholars employed various methodologies in studying Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases,including revision,supplementation,annotation,thematic research,etc.The revision method involved reorganizing and reclassifying the text′s provisions.The supplementation method entailed augmenting the original text with prior medical experiences and personal contributions.Annotations and interpretations of Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases evolved into diverse approaches,such as"literary analysis""classical reference-based explanations""textual commentaries""intuitive interpretations"and"collective annotations",and so on.The thematic research method categorized studies based on distinct subjects like diagnostics,therapeutic techniques,formulas,and case studies.The interpretive expansion method focused on elaborating the etiology,pathogenesis,treatments,and formulas of Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases without strict adherence to the original text.These methodologies provide scholars of later generations with diverse directions for research.Later physicians either inherit Song-dynasty methods,or innovate beyond them,or criticize and discard,thus forming different schools of thought on cold damage diseases:Revisionist School,Supplementation School,Annotation School,Symptom Pattern School,and Classic Formula School.Imploring Song and Jin dynasties research methodologies and their impacts holds significant value for clarifying the academic lineage and evolution of cold damage studies.

关 键 词：伤寒研究方法 伤寒学术流派 重订派 增补派 注解派 证候派 经方派 宋代 《伤寒论》 张仲景 

分 类 号：R222.2[医药卫生—中医基础理论]