五国护士执业资格考试比较及对我国的启示  

A comparison of national nurse licensure examination in five countries and implications for China

作　　者：潘姝丞 尚少梅[1] 周伟娇 刘涵予 奉世聪 江哲涵 Pan Shucheng;Shang Shaomei;Zhou Weijiao;Liu Hanyu;Feng Shicong;Jiang Zhehan(Department of Geriatric Nursing Rehabilitation,School of Nursing,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Master Degree Candidate,Medical Education,Enrolled in 2022,School of Education,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Master Degree Candidate,Medical Education,Enrolled in 2023,School of Education,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Institute of Medical Education,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学护理学院老年护理康复教研室,北京100191 [2]北京大学教育学院,北京100871 [3]北京大学医学教育研究所,北京100191

出　　处：《中华医学教育杂志》2025年第4期315-320,共6页Chinese Journal of Medical Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(72104006);国家自然科学基金面上项目(72474004);北京大学医学部教育教学研究课题(2024YB40);国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZC20240067);国家中医药考试科研课题(TB2024002)。

摘　　要：护士执业资格考试作为行业准入考试,保障着护士队伍的入口质量。本文梳理了中国、美国、英国、日本和韩国5个国家现行的护士执业资格考试规定,并对考试管理部门、法律体系、准入学历、考试具体形式(包括考试题型、题量、时长等)、考试内容和考试通过率等方面进行比较。最后,提出对我国护士执业资格考试未来发展的启示:一是加强护理立法保障;二是促进考试管理机构专业化发展;三是适时调整报考学历要求;四是以精细化、仿真化的测量技术助推多维、动态的考试评价;五是倡导标准化的考试体系建设。National Nursing Licensure Examination(NNLE)is recognized as an entry-level examination for nursing occupation,securing the entry quality of the nursing workforce.This paper reviews current situation of NNLE systems in five countries,China,the United States,the United Kingdom,Japan,and South Korea,including their similarities and differences in the examination administration,legal frameworks,entry qualifications,specific examination formats(including types of questions,quantity,and duration),examination content,and pass rates.Furthermore,it proposes implications for future development of China's NNLE:firstly,to enhance legislative support for nurses;secondly,to foster the professional development of examination management organizations;thirdly,to optimize the educational requirements for nursing;fourthly,to employ sophisticated and simulation-based measurement techniques to facilitate multi-dimensional and dynamic examination assessments;and fifthly,to advocate for the establishment of a scientific and standardized examination system.

关 键 词：护士 执业资格考试 准入制度 比较 启示 

分 类 号：R-4[医药卫生]