孙思邈炼丹思想的医药化倾向  

Medical Trend of Sun Simiao's Alchemy Thought

作　　者：程静仪 杨奕望 李赣 CHENG Jingyi;YANG Yiwang;LI Gan(Institute of Science,Technology and Humanities,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;Shanghai Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学科技人文研究院,上海201203 [2]上海中医药博物馆,上海201203

出　　处：《中国中医基础医学杂志》2025年第4期655-658,共4页JOURNAL OF BASIC CHINESE MEDICINE

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(20BZS121);上海市市级科技重大专项(ZD2021CY001,ZXS004R4-1)。

摘　　要：道教信仰中,修仙多以祛病为前提。炼丹术是道教研究药物成仙效果的代表性产物,早期金丹并无医疗作用,与医药之间也有着明显界线与等级划分。隋末唐初,金丹的功能开始发生分化,部分丹方逐渐具备治病功效且与医药联系愈加紧密,炼丹家兼医药家孙思邈正是推动这一进程的代表人物。通过对其著作相关论述的梳理,认为孙思邈的炼丹思想主要立足于道教,并有着非常明显的医药学特质,在对丹方成分与功能进行医药化改造的同时,无形中将炼丹思想与炼丹技术引入中药制剂,推动了炼丹术与医药学的融合,这也为宋代真正医用丹方的出现埋下伏笔。In Taoist beliefs,cultivating immortals is often based on the premise of eliminating diseases.Alchemy is a representative product of Taoist research on the immortal effect of drugs.Early golden pills had no medical effect,and there was also a clear boundary and hierarchical division between them and medicine.In the late Sui and early Tang dynasties,the function of Jindan began to differentiate,and some prescriptions gradually had therapeutic effects and became increasingly closely related to medicine.Sun Simiao,an alchemist and medicine expert,was a representative figure in promoting this process.Through sorting out the relevant discussions in his works,it is believed that Sun Simiao's alchemy thought is mainly based on Taoism,also has very obvious medical and pharmaceutical characteristics.While transforming the components and functions of the prescription into medicine,he invisibly introduced alchemy thought and technology into traditional Chinese medicine preparations,promoting the integration of alchemy and medicine,and laying the groundwork for the emergence of truly medical prescriptions in the Song dynasty.

关 键 词：孙思邈 道教 炼丹术 外丹研究 中药制剂 

分 类 号：R229[医药卫生—中医基础理论]