孤独症儿童的社会融合路径探赜——社区化融合模式的构建  

Exploring the Pathways of Social Integration for Children with Autism:Construction of a Community-oriented Integration Model

作　　者：李发睿 LI Fa-rui(School of International Studies,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学外国语学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《兰州大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期94-104,共11页Journal of Lanzhou University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：孤独症儿童的诊断、教育和干预等方面已有长足进步,但他们的社会融合依然面临诸多困难,包括社会需求难以满足、家庭经济和照顾压力大、融合教育环境缺乏等。基于社会生态系统视域,构建孤独症儿童社区化融合模式,该模式包含四个子系统,即微观系统、中观系统、外部系统和宏观系统。社区位于外部系统的核心位置,能够打破中观系统中社会组织间各自为营的局面,构建以社区为纽带的家庭、学校、医院和康复机构等组织间的联系网。同时,社区自身能够搭建孤独症儿童的照顾平台,建立社会融合服务体系,利用社区定位完成与其他上下级组织的统筹协作。这一模式的构建与运行不仅能提升孤独症儿童个体的社会交际能力,实现他们的社会融合,还对建立健全我国社会保障制度、完善社会公共服务体系、增强基层社会治理、扎实推进共同富裕有重大意义。While significant progress has been made in the diagnosis,education,and intervention for children with autism,their social integration still faces numerous challenges,including unmet social needs,substantial pressure on family finances and care,and lack of an inclusive educational environment.Based on the perspective of social ecosystem,a community integration model for autistic children is constructed,which includes four subsystems:microsystem,mesosystem,exosystem,and macrosystem.The community occupies the core position in the exosystem,capable of breaking down the isolated operations among social organizations within the mesosystem and establishing a network connecting families,schools,hospitals,and rehabilitation institutions through community linkages.Simultaneously,the community itself can establish a care platform for children with autism,develop a social integration service system,and achieve coordinated collaboration with superior and subordinate organizations through community positioning.The construction and implementation of this model will not only enhance the social communication skills of individual children with autism and realize their social integration,but also hold significant implications for improving China’s social security system,perfecting public service systems,strengthening primary-level social governance,and solidly advancing common prosperity.

关 键 词：孤独症儿童 社区化融合模式 社会融合 社会生态系统 社会交际互动 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理] R749.94[社会学]