茶园履带式掘耕机设计与试验  

Design and Testing of Tea Garden Crawler Plowing Machine

作　　者：沈帅 任宁 郑航 俞国红[1,2] 陈志东 SHEN Shuai;REN Ning;ZHENG Hang;YU Guohong;CHEN Zhidong(Institute of Agricultural Equipment,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment for Hilly and Mountainous Areas in Southeastern China(Co-construction by Ministry and Province)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hangzhou 310021,China;Zhejiang Tangshi Road Holding Group Co.,Ltd.,Xinchang 312500,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院农业装备研究所,浙江杭州310021 [2]农业农村部东南丘陵山地农业装备重点实验室(部省共建),浙江杭州310021 [3]浙江唐诗之路控股集团有限公司,浙江新昌312500

出　　处：《茶叶科学》2025年第2期273-283,共11页Journal of Tea Science

基　　金：2023年浙江省“三农九方”农业科技协作计划项目(2023SNJF046);茶园履带式掘耕机研发制造推广应用一体化项目。

摘　　要：针对丘陵山区茶园土壤耕作环节面临耕作机械设备不足、设备爬坡性能差等问题,设计研发了一款适用于丘陵山区的茶园履带式掘耕机,以爬坡性能为设计目标,开展底盘主要结构参数设计,通过动力学仿真技术进行掘耕机横坡、纵坡行走能力分析。仿真结果表明,履带式掘耕机横坡最大行驶坡度为22°,纵坡最大行驶坡度为31°。探究掘耕机耕作质量,以理论分析耕作运动轨迹为基础,通过动力学开展耕作前进速度优选,获取掘耕机的最佳耕作前进速度为400~450 mm·s^(-1)。为进一步验证参数合理性和仿真结果可靠性,开展纵坡爬坡田间试验,结果表明,掘耕机在纵坡上最大爬坡角度为32°,与理论爬坡角度误差为3.22%,从而验证了理论计算和仿真的准确性和可靠性。研究结果表明设计的掘耕机具有较好的通过性,能够充分满足丘陵地区上山爬坡需求,为茶园中耕问题提供了一种有效的解决方案。In response to the problems of inadequate agricultural equipment and poor slope performance in tea gardens of hilly areas,a tracked ploughing machine suitable for hilly tea plantations was designed and developed,with a focus on slope performance.The main structural parameters of the chassis were designed,and the dynamic simulation was used to analyze the machine's ability to traverse across and along slopes.The simulation results show that the maximum slope for the machine to traverse across was 22°,and the maximum slope for the machine to traverse along was 31°.To explore the quality of excavator tillage,based on the theoretical analysis of the tillage movement trajectory,the tillage advance speed was optimized by dynamics,and the optimal tillage advance speed of 400-450 mm·s^(-1) was obtained for excavators.To further verify the rationality of the parameters and the reliability of the simulation results,field tests were conducted on uphill slopes.The results show that the maximum climbing ability of the machine on uphill slopes was 32°,with an error of 3.22%compared to the theoretical climbing angle.The results validate the accuracy and reliability of the theoretical calculations and simulations,demonstrating that the designed ploughing machine has good maneuverability and can fully meet the uphill climbing needs of hilly areas,providing an effective solution to the problem of tea plantation cultivation.

关 键 词：丘陵山区 茶园 掘耕机 爬坡 底盘 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] TS272.3[农业科学—作物学]