贮藏条件和采摘方式对血橙花青素的影响  

Effects of storage conditions and harvesting methods on anthocyanin of blood orange

作　　者：王寒雪 赖长鸿 陈文慧 杨斌 周泽威 苗鹏瑶 孙群[2] 廖红[1] WANG Hanxue;LAI Changhong;CHEN Wenhui;YANG Bin;ZHOU Zewei;MIAO Pengyao;SUN Qun;LIAO Hong(Root Biology Research Center,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian,350002,China;College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan,610000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学根系生物学研究中心,福州350002 [2]四川大学生命科学学院,成都610000

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2025年第2期34-37,共4页South China Fruits

基　　金：福建农林大学根系中心团队建设经费(105-118310040)资助。

摘　　要：在四川省资中县以塔罗科血橙8号为试验材料,12月底至翌年2月进行留树贮藏、带8~10 cm枝(含叶)采摘后4℃低温贮藏(简称带枝叶低温贮藏)和不带枝叶采摘后4℃低温贮藏(简称不带枝叶低温贮藏)3种不同处理,于不同贮藏时间取样测定血橙果实花青素和糖酸等并进行分析研究。结果表明,塔罗科血橙8号果肉花青素由矢车菊素、芍药素和飞燕草素等成分组成,其中矢车菊素含量最高,在3种组分中的质量占比为97%;相比留树贮藏,低温贮藏可显著提高矢车菊素含量。30 d短期贮藏,不带枝叶低温贮藏的矢车菊素含量最高,可达(36.12±2.76)mg/kg;60 d长期贮藏,带枝叶低温贮藏的矢车菊素含量最高,可达(63.75±19.70)mg/kg。皮尔逊相关系数分析表明,氮和磷可能是影响果实花青素和可滴定酸的主要养分因素。为获得高花青素血橙果实,生产上可不带枝叶采摘果实4℃贮藏1个月左右,带枝叶采摘果实4℃贮藏2个月左右。Taking blood orange(Citrus sinensis cv.Tarocco No.8)as the experimental material in Zizhong County,Sichuan Province,three different treatments were conducted from December,2022 to February,2023,including on-tree storage,low-temperature storage at 4℃after picking with 8-10 cm stem attached to the fruit(including leaves,referred to as low-temperature storage with stem and leaves),and low-temperature storage at 4℃after picking without stem and leaves attached to the fruit(referred to as low-temperature storage without stem and leaves).Samples were taken at different storage times to determine and analyze the anthocyanins,sugars,acids,and other components of the blood orange fruits.The results showed that the anthocyanins in pulp of blood orange were composed of cyanidin,peonidin,and delphinidin,among which cyanidin content was the highest,accounting for 97%of the total mass of three components.Compared with on-tree storage,low-temperature storage could significantly increase the cyanidin content of blood oranges.During short-term storage of 30 days at low temperature,the cyanidin content of blood oranges without stem and leaves attached was the highest,reaching(36.12±2.76)mg/kg.During long-term storage of 60 days at low temperature,the cyanidin content of blood oranges with stem and leaves attached was the highest,reaching(63.75±19.70)mg/kg.Pearson correlation coefficient analysis showed that nitrogen and phosphorus may be the main nutrient factors affecting anthocyanins and titratable acid contents of fruit.In order to obtain blood orange fruits with high content of anthocyanin,it is suggested that in production,blood orange could be picked without stem and leaves attached and stored at 4℃for about one month,or picked with stem and leaves attached and stored at 4℃for about two months.

关 键 词：血橙 贮藏条件 采摘方式 花青素 果实品质 可溶性糖 

分 类 号：S666.2[农业科学—果树学]