组织重构对创新产出的影响——来自医药制造行业的证据  

Impact of Organizational Reconfiguration on Innovation Output—Evidence from the Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry

作　　者：江诗松[1] 张硕 毛栋哲 陈潇澜 蔡宛彤 JIANG Shi-song;ZHANG Shuo;MAO Dong-zhe;CHEN Xiao-lan;CAI Wan-tong(School of Economics and Management,Whuhan University,Whuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学经济与管理学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《研究与发展管理》2025年第2期85-96,共12页R&D Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“中国企业跨国收购的整合悖论、整合过程与创新能力提升机理”(71572131);教育部人文社科项目规划基金项目“创新生态系统核心企业半径延伸与跨界出圈的路径和机制”(4YJA630036);武汉大学自主科研项目(人文社会科学)“中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金”(413000452)。

摘　　要：如何为创新设计合理的组织形式是一个具有重要理论和现实意义的问题。现有研究主要关注何种组织结构形式有利于创新,尽管积累了较多研究,然而存在研究结论相互冲突的问题,构成了组织结构—创新之谜,这严重阻碍了管理者通过组织设计来促进创新的实践。静态地比较不同组织结构形式的影响,难以与创新的过程属性联系起来。从结构转向过程的方法也许可以帮助破解组织结构—创新之谜。从过程的方法看,无论是哪种组织结构,随时间都会带来僵化和惰性,从而不利于创新。基于中国医药制造企业上市公司2007—2018年的面板数据,探究组织重构对创新产出的影响。研究发现,管理者可以通过组织重构激发知识重组从而促进创新。同时,由于知识重组会给组织带来潜在破坏性,因而,在脆弱性组织情境中,组织重构促进创新的效应可能会降低甚至反转为负向。对于不同方向的组织重构,无论是扩张型还是收缩型组织重构都能够促进创新。对于不同程度的组织重构,相较于中/高剧烈程度,低剧烈程度的组织重构未能促进创新。本文通过从结构转向过程的方法破解组织结构—创新之谜,并为组织重构在不同条件下促进创新提供思路。How to design an appropriate organizational form for innovation is an important theoretical and practical issue.Existing research mainly focuses on which organizational structure is conducive to innovation.Despite accumulating research,there are conflicting conclusions,creating an‘organizational structure-innovation paradox’,which severely hinders managers from promoting innovation through organizational design.Statically comparing the impact of different organizational structure forms is difficult to link with the process attributes of innovation.A shift from structure to process might help unravel the organizational structure-innovation paradox.From a process perspective,regardless of the organizational structure,rigidity and inertia tend to develop over time,which is detrimental to innovation.It conducted a negative binomial regression using panel data from Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing listed companies from 2007 to 2018.The results suggest that managers stimulate knowledge recombination through organizational reconfiguration to promote innovation.However,since knowledge recombination may also bring potential disruptive effects,the effect of organizational reconfiguration on innovation may decrease or even reverse to be negative in vulnerable organizations.In the context of organizational reconfiguration,both expansionoriented and contraction-oriented reconfiguration facilitate innovation.With regard to the varying degrees of reconfiguration intensity,low-intensity reconfiguration is to be less effective in promoting innovation compared to restructuring of medium or high intensity.The theoretical contribution lies in solving the organizational structureinnovation paradox by shifting from a structural to a process approach,and provides ideas for how organizational reconfiguration promote innovation under different conditions.

关 键 词：组织重构 创新 组织脆弱性 知识重组 

分 类 号：F270.7[经济管理—企业管理]