初中化学“易燃物和易爆物的安全知识”跨学科项目教学——自制安全矿灯  

Interdisciplinary Project Teaching of"Safety Knowledge of Flammable and Explosive Substances"in Junior High School Chemistry:Self Made Safety Mining Lamp

作　　者：吴冰玉 卢天宇 WU Bing-Yu;LU Tian-Yu(Hanlin School of Experimental Education Group in Futian District,Shenzhen 518000,China;Shenzhen Institute of Educational Sciences,Shenzhen 518001 China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市福田区实验教育集团翰林学校,广东深圳518000 [2]深圳市教育科学研究院,广东深圳518001

出　　处：《化学教育(中英文)》2025年第7期15-21,共7页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：深圳市教育科学“十四五”规划2022年度课题“理念融合增值实践:提升化学课程育人功能的十年探索”(课题批准号:cgpy22007);福田区教育规划课题“初中化学项目式教学案例研究”(编号:FTJYZXZH202208)。

摘　　要：项目以“自制安全矿灯”为主题,融合历史、物理等课程相关内容,带领学生重走科学家戴维之路。首先提出18世纪矿井因瓦斯爆炸的史实问题,引导学生剖析爆炸原因,利用控制变量的思想探究爆炸的条件,然后启发学生设计装置,收集不同浓度的氢气,测定可燃性气体氢气的爆炸极限,最后自制安全灯并检验其防爆效果。在对矿井防爆这一真实问题的解决过程中,学生学习并应用爆炸的知识,在深化概念理解的同时,增强科学探究与实践能力,培养敢为人先、严谨求实、勇于探索的科学家精神。tThe project focuses on the theme of"self made safety mining lamp",integrating relevant content from history,physics,and other courses,leading students to retrace the path of scientist David.Firstly,the historical issue of gas explosions in mines in the 18th century is presented,guiding students to analyze the causes of explosions and explore the conditions of explosions using the idea of controlling variables.Then,students are inspired to design devices to collect hydrogen gas of different concentrations,measure the explosion limit of combustible gas hydrogen gas,and finally make safety lamps to test their explosion-proof effect.In the process of solving the real problem of mine explosion prevention,students learn and apply the knowledge of explosion,deepen their understanding of concepts,enhance their scientific exploration and practical abilities,and cultivate a scientific spirit of daring to be the first,rigorous and realistic,and daring to explore.

关 键 词：初中化学 燃烧与爆炸 安全矿灯 戴维灯 跨学科项目式学习 

分 类 号：G633.8[文化科学—教育学]