葡萄柚果皮精油的提取及其抗氧化性和抑菌性研究  

Extraction of Grapefruit Peel Essential Oil and the Study on the Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties

作　　者：冯淼 杨雪杰 于广超 FENG Miao;YANG Xuejie;YU Guangchao(School of Chemistry and Life Science,Anshan Normal University,Anshan Liaoning 114007,China;Liaoning Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization for Natural Products Active Molecules,Anshan Liaoning 114007,China)

机构地区：[1]鞍山师范学院化学与生命科学学院,辽宁鞍山114007 [2]辽宁省天然产物活性分子开发及利用重点实验室,辽宁鞍山114007

出　　处：《鞍山师范学院学报》2025年第2期46-50,共5页Journal of Anshan Normal University

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(LJKQZ20222399);鞍山师范学院科研项目(23KYXM043).

摘　　要：以乙醇作为提取剂,超声辅助提取葡萄柚果皮精油,通过对料液比、超声时间和超声温度进行单因素实验,并结合正交实验获得葡萄柚果皮精油的最佳提取条件.采用DPPH和ABTS^(+)自由基清除法对葡萄柚果皮精油的抗氧化性进行测定,滤纸片扩散法观察葡萄柚果皮精油对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、铜绿假单胞菌的抑菌性.结果表明:葡萄柚果皮精油的最佳提取条件为料液比1∶9、超声时间60 min、超声温度60℃,其提取率为2.61%.葡萄柚果皮精油具有良好的抗氧化能力,当精油的浓度为0.4 g·mL^(-1)时,DPPH自由基的清除率可以达到88.36%,其IC _(50)为1.75 mg·mL^(-1);当精油的浓度为0.5 g·mL^(-1)时,ABTS^(^(+))自由基的清除率可以达到87.55%,其IC _(50)为1.68 mg·mL^(-1).葡萄柚果皮精油对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、铜绿假单胞菌均具有明显的抑制能力,其抑菌强弱顺次为金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、粪肠球菌、铜绿假单胞菌.Ultrasonic-assisted extraction of essential oil from grapefruit peel with absolute alcohol as extractant was done.During the experiment,the ratio of solid to liquid,ultrasonic time and ultrasonic temperature were tested by single factor experiment,and the optimum extraction conditions for grapefruit peel essential oil were obtained by orthogonal experiment.The antioxidant activity of grapefruit peel essential oil was determined by DPPH and ABTS^(+)free radical scavenging methods.The bacteriostasis of grapefruit peel essential oil against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus faecalisand Pseudomonas aeruginosa was observed by filter paper diffusion method.The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions for grapefruit peel essential oil were listed as follows:material ratio of 1∶9,ultrasonic time of 60 min,and ultrasonic temperature of 60°C,with the extraction rate of 2.61%.Grapefruit peel essential oil had favorable antioxidant capacity.When the concentration of essential oil was 0.40 g·mL^(-1),the scavenging rate of DPPH free radical could reach 88.36%,and its IC _(50) was 1.75 mg·mL^(-1).When the concentration of essential oil was 0.50 g·mL^(-1),the scavenging rate of ABTS^(+)free radicals could reach 87.55%and its IC _(50) was 1.68 mg·mL^(-1).Grapefruit peel essential oil has obvious inhibitory ability on Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and its inhibitory order is Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis.

关 键 词：葡萄柚果皮 精油 提取 抗氧化性 抑菌性 

分 类 号：TQ654.2[化学工程—精细化工]